2014高考英語(yǔ)作文寫作指導(dǎo)
英文作文開頭句型6大寫法
1)對(duì)立法:先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,適用于有爭(zhēng)議性的主題.
[1] When asked about..., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that …. But I think/view a bit differently.
[2] When it comes to ...., some people believe that…. Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/latter.
[3] Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that..... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....
2)現(xiàn)象法:引出要剖析的現(xiàn)象或者問(wèn)題,然后評(píng)論.
[1] Recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.
[2] Recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus/into public attention.
[3] Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.
3)觀點(diǎn)法:開門見山,直接了當(dāng)?shù)靥岢鲎约簩?duì)要討論的問(wèn)題的看法.
[1] Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...
[2] Now there is a(n) growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to....
[3] Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ....
[4] Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that....
4)引用法:先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法,來(lái)引出文章要展開論述的觀點(diǎn)!
[1] "Knowledge is power." This is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people.
[2] "Education is not complete with graduation." This is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion.
[3] "...." We often hear statements/words like those/this.
[4] We often hear such traditional complains as this "....".
5)比較法:通過(guò)對(duì)過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在兩種不同的傾向、觀點(diǎn)的比較,引出文章要討論的觀點(diǎn).
[1] For years, ...had been viewed as .... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ..., people ....
[2] People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new idea.
6)故事法:先講一個(gè)較短的故事來(lái)引發(fā)讀者的興趣,引出文章的主題.少用!
[1] Once in (a newspaper), I read of/learnt..... The phenomenon of ... has aroused public concern.
[2] I have a friend who ... Should he ....? Such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life.
[3]Once upon a time, there lived a man who .... This story may be (unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.
一般來(lái)講考官們看文章也必然要通過(guò)這些關(guān)鍵性的“標(biāo)簽”來(lái)判定你的文章是否結(jié)構(gòu)清楚,條理自然。破解方法很簡(jiǎn)單,只要把下面任何一組的詞匯加入到你的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)前就清楚了。
1)first,second,third……首先,第二,第三…..
2)firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally首先,第二,第三,最后
3)to begin wITh,then,further more,finally首先,然后,其次,最后
4)tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally首先,然后,其次,最后
5)firs to fall,besides,last but not least首先,其次,最后
6)most important of all,more over,finally最重要的,其次,最后
7)on the one hand,on the other hand(適用于兩點(diǎn)的情況)一方面,另一方面
8)for one thing,for an other(適用于兩點(diǎn)的情況)一方面,另一方面
短語(yǔ)優(yōu)先原則
寫作時(shí),尤其是在考試時(shí),如果使用短語(yǔ),有兩個(gè)好處:
其一、用短語(yǔ)會(huì)使文章增加亮點(diǎn),如果老師們看到你的文章太簡(jiǎn)單,必然會(huì)看你低一等。相反,如果發(fā)現(xiàn)亮點(diǎn)—精彩的短語(yǔ),那么你的文章定會(huì)得高分了。
其二、湊字?jǐn)?shù),用短語(yǔ)是一個(gè)辦法!
比如:I can not bear it.我無(wú)法忍受它了?梢杂枚陶Z(yǔ)表達(dá):Ican not put up with it.我無(wú)法忍受它了。I want it.我想要它。
可以用短語(yǔ)表達(dá):I am looking forward to it.我想要它。
It’s important.這個(gè)很重要。
可以用短語(yǔ)表達(dá):It’s of great importance.這個(gè)很重要。
過(guò)渡語(yǔ)原則
并列用語(yǔ):
aswellas也
not only…but (also)不僅……還
including,包括
對(duì)比用語(yǔ):
on one hand一方面
on the other hand另一方面
on the contrary相反的
though盡管
for one thing一方面
for another另一方面
never theles然而
在英語(yǔ)書面表達(dá)時(shí),每次寫作前問(wèn)自己四個(gè)問(wèn)題:這篇文章的體裁格式是怎樣的?主體時(shí)態(tài)用什么時(shí)態(tài)?人稱用第幾人稱?可以分幾段,之間用什么過(guò)渡詞、連接詞?帶著這四個(gè)問(wèn)題去審題,搞清楚文章的主要內(nèi)容,然后列出提綱。最后利用自己有把握的英語(yǔ)句子豐富自己的提綱就可以了。
(1)條理性。指的是合理布局文章結(jié)構(gòu)。首先,在文章思路、組織材料、敘述順序等方面要有一定的條理性。其次,根據(jù)需要,安排好段落,各段之間要層次分明,也要重視每一段的開頭和結(jié)尾,開頭語(yǔ)往往是總起句,結(jié)尾語(yǔ)往往是總結(jié)句。
(2)準(zhǔn)確性。指要求寫出語(yǔ)法正確的句子,包括時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、用詞和句法等,要準(zhǔn)確、地道地表達(dá)。必須要牢牢掌握一些常用句型或習(xí)慣表達(dá),避免中式英語(yǔ),在實(shí)踐中不斷總結(jié)中英用法的差異,養(yǎng)成用英語(yǔ)思維寫作的習(xí)慣。高考英語(yǔ)作文素材。
(3)流暢性。指根據(jù)整篇文章思想的需要,有效采用不同的連接手段,清晰段落,使文章層次清楚、行文連貫。
(4)簡(jiǎn)潔多樣性。簡(jiǎn)潔性就是語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔,不重復(fù)。多樣性就是能隨情景內(nèi)容的變化寫出句式多樣的語(yǔ)句。這也是新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)寫作的評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
(5)思想性。新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)寫作的要求,增加了情感因素,在準(zhǔn)確流暢表達(dá)寫作要點(diǎn)的同時(shí),適當(dāng)增加句子的感情色彩,增加一些人情味,使文章讀起來(lái)更親切,完全達(dá)到與讀者進(jìn)行交流的目的。
(6)美觀性。指的是卷面書寫規(guī)范、清楚、干凈、整潔。在高考書面表達(dá)中,書面整潔是也是一個(gè)主觀評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),所以在高考中保持書面整潔是必要的。
總結(jié):那么在高考作文中,除了自己的一些英語(yǔ)知識(shí)的鞏固還需要的是自己的情緒和思維。寫作期間保持穩(wěn)定的情緒,按照自己的思維完成寫作,從總結(jié)文章中—布置文章結(jié)構(gòu)—使用表達(dá)的語(yǔ)句—下筆連貫。最后當(dāng)然是要檢查是否出現(xiàn)拼錯(cuò)字,句子語(yǔ)法有誤等。
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