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高一英語知識點總結(jié)

時間:2024-07-01 13:27:26 秀雯 知識點總結(jié) 我要投稿

高一英語知識點總結(jié)

  在年少學(xué)習(xí)的日子里,是不是聽到知識點,就立刻清醒了?知識點是知識中的最小單位,最具體的內(nèi)容,有時候也叫“考點”。為了幫助大家掌握重要知識點,以下是小編幫大家整理的高一英語知識點總結(jié),歡迎大家分享。

高一英語知識點總結(jié)

  deal

  作不及物動詞,意為"經(jīng)營",在所經(jīng)營的對象前面加in,多指經(jīng)營貨物,公債,股票等。

  dealwith常表示的意思有:

  處理,解決,安排;

  對待,對付,主語是人;

  談?wù),涉及?/p>

  deal作及物動詞,表示"分發(fā),對待"。

  dealsbablow打擊某人

  作名詞,表示"買賣,交易,協(xié)議,政策,對待"。均是可數(shù)名詞。

  technology和technique

  technology是技術(shù)的總稱,不是指一項一項的具體技術(shù),是不可數(shù)名詞。

  technique表示"某種技能,技巧",指一項一項的技術(shù)技巧,是可數(shù)名詞。

  語法

  一、結(jié)構(gòu):現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)就是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的疊合,

  即"have+been+動詞過去分詞"。

  二、用法:現(xiàn)在完成時被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)常用于以下兩種情況:

  (1)主謂關(guān)系被動,而且謂語動作從過去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在;

  (2)主謂關(guān)系被動,而且謂語動作發(fā)生在過去,但已對現(xiàn)在造成影響或結(jié)果。

  三、現(xiàn)在完成時主動句和被動句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換:如果要將現(xiàn)在完成時的主動句轉(zhuǎn)換成被動句,則要把其賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,謂語動詞變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu),主語變?yōu)橛山樵~引導(dǎo)的狀語或直接將其省略;反之,如果要把被動句變?yōu)橹鲃泳,則恢復(fù)其原來的主語,謂語動詞套用主動結(jié)構(gòu)。

  重點單詞

  major local represent curious introduce

  approach stranger express action general

  avoid misunderstand similar agreement adult

  punish intend means universal cultural

  apologize behave bow flight defence

  dormitory canteen dash comfortable distance

  prefer touch custom false hug

  function international powerful greet fist

  yawn threaten respectful association gesture

  固定搭配

  1.be good to對……友好be good for對……有益;be bad to…/be bad for…

  2.add up加起來增加

  add up to合計,總計

  add…to把……加到……

  3.not…until/till意思是“直到…才”

  4.get sth/sb done使……完成/使某人被……

  5.calm down平靜下來

  6.be concerned about關(guān)心,關(guān)注

  7.當(dāng)while,when,before,after等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致時,可將從句中的主語和be動詞省去。

  While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose.

  8.cheat in the exam考試作弊

  9.go through經(jīng)歷;度過;獲準(zhǔn),通過

  10.hide away躲藏;隱藏

  11.set down寫下,記下

  12.I wonder if…我不知道是不是…

  12.on purpose故意

  13.sth happen to sb某人發(fā)生某事

  sb happen to do sth某人碰巧做某事

  it so happened that……正巧、碰巧

  14.It is the first(second…)that…(從句謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時)

  15.in one’s power處于……的控制之中

  16.It’s no pleasure doing…做…沒有樂趣

  It’s no good/use doing sth.做某事是沒好處/沒用的

  17.She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.it做形式賓語

  18.suffer from患…病;遭受

  19.so…that…/such…thay…

  20.get tired of…對…感到勞累、疲憊

  21.have some trouble with sb/sth.在……上遇到了麻煩

  22.get along with sb/sth.與某人相處

  23.ask(sb)for advice.(向某人)征求建議

  24.make后接復(fù)合賓語,賓語補(bǔ)足語須用不帶to的不定式、形容詞、過去分詞、名詞等。常見的有以下幾種形式:

  make sb.do sth.讓(使)某人做某事

  make sb./sth.+adj.使某人/物…

  make sb./oneself+v-ed、讓某人/自己被…

  When you speak,you should make yourself understood.

  make sb.+n.使某人成為…

  25.alone /lonely.單獨的/孤獨的

  26.I would be grateful if…委婉客氣提出請求

  27.Why not do…=why don’t you do…

  common

  表示"普通的,常見的;共同的;共有的;一般的"。

  作名詞,表示"(公有)草地"。

  becommonknowledge人所共知。

  thecommontouch平易近人的美德commonground共同的意見,利益,目標(biāo)等

  commonsense常識,情理區(qū)別common,ordinary,usual,general,normal

  common指因許多事物或許多人所共同具有而常見的意思。

  ordinary指由于與一般事物性質(zhì)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相同,因而顯得平常,無奇特之處。

  usual"通常的,慣常的",含有"隨集體風(fēng)俗或個人習(xí)慣而常常發(fā)生"之意。

  normal意為"正常的",強(qiáng)調(diào)正常性。

  重點單詞講解。

  (1)add

 、 add …to…把…添加…/把…加起來

  ② add up to共計,總共

 、 add to增添

  (2)upset

  過去式:upset過去分詞:upset現(xiàn)在分詞:upsetting

  adj.心煩意亂的,不安的,不適的

  be upset about/over為某事心煩、不安

  be upset that心煩

  vt.使不安,使心煩

  It upsets sb that讓某人心煩的是

  It upsets sb to do sth做某事使某人不安

  (3)concern

  vt.使擔(dān)心,顧慮,涉及,關(guān)系到

  n.擔(dān)心,關(guān)注,利害關(guān)系

 、賏s far as sb/sth + be concerned就某人而言,對于某人來說

  as far as I am concerned就我而言,對于我來說

  as far as he is concerned對他來說

  as far as English is concerned關(guān)于英語,對于英語

 、赽e concerned about/for關(guān)心,掛念

  have no concerned about/for

  ③be concerned in/with涉及到,與…有關(guān)

  have no concerned in/with

  (4)go through

 、俳(jīng)歷,遭受,忍受go through one difficulty after another.經(jīng)歷一個又一個困難。

 、谧屑(xì)檢查,審查go through your paper檢查你的試卷。

  ③瀏覽,翻閱go through all the related reference.瀏覽相關(guān)資料。

  ④通過,穿過=pass through go through a great forest.穿過一片大森林。

  ⑤完成go through the task.完成任務(wù)。

  (5)suffer

  ①suffer作“遭受”時,后面直接接pain, loss, injury, harm或punishment.

 、趕uffer作“受…苦”時,常常搭配:suffer from

  (6)get/be tired of厭煩…

  get/be/feel tired of sb / sth / doing sth厭煩

  be tired from由于…而疲勞(體力上的疲勞),側(cè)重原因

  be tired out精疲力竭的

  (7)join in參加,加入

  區(qū)別join ,join in ,attend與take part in:

  join:多指加入組織,團(tuán)體,黨派等,有作為其中一員的意思。例:join the army參軍

  join in:參加某項游戲,活動,討論等。常用結(jié)構(gòu):join sb in

  例:Will you join us in a walk?

  attend:參加會議,婚禮,葬禮,上課,講座,聽報告等。

  例:attend a lecture參加一個講座。

  take part in:多指參加群眾性的活動,運動,戰(zhàn)爭等。

  例:take part in the march.

  虛擬條件句

  條件狀語從句是非真實情況,在這種情況下要用虛擬語氣。

  l-條件從句與現(xiàn)在事實不一致,句型為:If+主語十過去時,tiag+should (could,would,或might)+動詞原形,例如:If l were you,1 would study hard.

  2.條件從句與過去事實不一致,句型為:If+主語+had+過去分詞,主語+should(could, would,或might)+have+過去分詞,例如:If I had not studied hard.1would have failed in the exam last term

  3.條件從句與將來事實不一致,句型為:lf+主語+should/were to+do,主語+should( could.)+原形do,例如:If l were to go to the moon one day,I could see itwith my own eyes.

  注意:

  1.If條件句中絕對不可出現(xiàn)“would”。

  2-根據(jù)句中的時間狀語,有時可能出現(xiàn)“混合虛擬”的情況,即主句可能是現(xiàn)在的情況,條件句也許是發(fā)生在過去的情況,但都遵守上述句型。

  3.在條件句中如果出現(xiàn)were,had,should可省去if

  將這些詞提前置于句首構(gòu)成倒裝,例如:w。re I to go tothe moon one clay,1 would see it with my own eyes.如果有一天我登上月球,我就可以親眼目睹它的樣子了。

  直接引語和間接引語

  (一)直接引述別人的原話,叫做直接引語;用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話,叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構(gòu)成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內(nèi),間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時,除將引語部分變成賓語從句外,還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進(jìn)行改變。

  1.時態(tài)的變化:直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態(tài),即把原來的時態(tài)向過去推,也就是一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時,等等。例如:

  Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”

  →Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.

  2.人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化:根據(jù)意義進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化,例如:

  She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”

  →She asked Jack where he had been.

  He said,“These books are mine.”

  →He said that those books were his.

  (二)直接引語改為間接引語時,都使用陳述語序,但是因為原句的句式不同,所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句,用連接詞whether或if;如果是特殊疑問句,則用疑問詞引導(dǎo)間接引語。轉(zhuǎn)述的動詞一般用asked,可以在其后加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如:

  She said,“Is your father at home?”

  →She asked me if/whether my father was at home.

  “What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.

  →My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.

  直接引語如果是祈使句,改為間接引語時,要將祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式,并在不定式的前面根據(jù)原句的語氣(即請求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等動詞,如果祈使句為否定式,則在不定式前加not。其句型為:ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something.例如:

  She said to us,“Please sit down.”

  →She asked us to sit down.

  He said to him,“Go away!”

  →He ordered him to go away.

  He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”

  →He told the boys not to make so much noise.

  raise vt.“使……上升;升起;提高”等;

  rise vi.“上升;升起”;

  arise vi.“站起來(stand up)”,“起床(get up)”

  rise和arise用作站起,起床都屬正式用法;arise主要表示“出現(xiàn)、發(fā)生”等意思。

  She raised her voice in anger. (抬高)

  The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground. (刮起)

  The child rose from the ground and ran to his mother. (=The child raised himself from the ground and ran to his mother.) (爬起)

  She rises before it is light. (起床)

  Difficulties will arise as we do the work. (出現(xiàn))

  重點短句

  1. be good to對......友好be good for對......有益;be bad to…/be bad for…

  2. add up加起來增加add up to合計,總計

  add… to把......加到......

  3. not…until/till意思是“直到…才”

  4. get sth/sb done使......完成/使某人被......

  5. calm down平靜下來

  6. be concerned about關(guān)心關(guān)注

  7.當(dāng)while, when, before, after等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致時,可將從句中的主語和be動詞省去。

  While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose.

  8. cheat in the exam考試作弊

  9. go through經(jīng)歷;度過;獲準(zhǔn),通過

  10. hide away躲藏;隱藏1

  1. set down寫下,記下

  12. I wonder if…..我不知道是不是…. 12. on purpose故意

  13. sth happen to sb某人發(fā)生某事

  sb happen to do sth某人碰巧做某事it so happened that ......正巧碰巧

  14. It is the first (second…) that… (從句謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時)

  15. in one’s power處于......的控制之中

  16. It’s no pleasure doing….做…..沒有樂趣

  It’s no good/ use doing sth.做某事是沒好處/沒用的

  17. She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place. it做形式賓語

  18. suffer from患…病;遭受19. so…that… /such…thay…

  20. get tired of….對…感到勞累疲憊

  21. have some trouble with sb/sth.在......上遇到了麻煩22. get along with sb/sth.與某人相處

  23. ask(sb)for advice. (向某人)征求建議

  24. make后接復(fù)合賓語,賓語補(bǔ)足語須用不帶to的不定式、形容詞、過去分詞、名詞等。常見的有以下幾種形式:

  make sb. do sth.讓(使)某人做某事make sb. /sth. +adj.使某人/物…

  make sb./ oneself +v-ed讓某人/自己被…

  When you speak, you should make yourself understood. make sb.+n.使某人成為…

  25. alone /lonely.單獨的/孤獨的

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