非謂語動詞練習(xí)題

　　不放過每一個知識點，尤其對容易混淆的東西要下更大工夫搞清楚，基礎(chǔ)要牢固。下面是小編整理的非謂語動詞練習(xí)題，歡迎來參考！

　　非謂語動詞：

　　在英語中，不作句子謂語，而具有除謂語外其他語法功能的動詞，叫做非謂語動詞，非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞有動詞不定式（the Infinitive）；動名詞（the Gerund）；現(xiàn)在分詞（the Present Participle）；過去分詞（the Past Participle）。

　　非謂語動詞練習(xí)題

　　( )1. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______ on a big rock.

　　A. to have rested B. resting

　　C. to rest D. rest

　　( )2. Do you know the boy _______ under the big tree?

　　A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying

　　( )3. Youd better ______ your bike _____ at once. It is Monday tomorrow, you know.

　　A. to have, mend B. have, mended

　　C. have, to mend D. to have, mended

　　( )4. --- Look! The lights in the classroom are still on.

　　--- Oh, I forgot _______.

　　A. turning them off B. turn them off

　　C. to turn them off D. having turned them off

　　( )5. Cant you read? the officer said _______ to the notice.

　　A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily

　　C. angrily pointed D. point angrily

　　( )6. The computer center, _______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened

　　( )7. The policeman warned the young man _______ after drinking.

　　A. never to drive B. to never drive

　　C. never driving D. never drive

　　( )8. --- Whats the language _______ in New Zealand?

　　--- English.

　　A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak

　　拓展閱讀：非謂語動詞

　　一、非謂語動詞與謂語動詞

　　1．相同點：

　�。�1）如果是及物動詞都可與賓語連用，例如：

　　They built a garden.

　　They suggested building a garden.

　�。�2）都可以被狀語修飾：

　　The suit fits him very well.

　　The suit used to fit him very well.

　�。�3）都有主動與被動, “體”式（一般式；進(jìn)行式；完成式）的變化。例如：

　　He was punished by his parents.（謂語動詞被動語態(tài)）

　　He avoided being punished by his parents.（動名詞的被動式）

　　We have written the composition.（謂語動詞的完成時）

　　Having written the composition, we handed it in.（現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式）

　�。�4）都可以有邏輯主語

　　They started the work at once.（謂語動詞的邏輯主語）

　　The boss ordered them to start the work.（動詞不定式的邏輯主語）

　　We are League members.（謂語動詞的主語）

　　We being League member, the work was well done. （現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語）

　　2、不同點：

　�。�1）非謂語動詞可以有名詞作用（如動詞不定式和動名詞），在句中做主語、賓語、表語，中小學(xué)英語《非謂語動詞》。

　�。�2）非謂語動詞可以有形容詞作用（如動詞不定式和分詞），在句中做定語、表語或賓語補足語。

　�。�3）非謂語動詞可以有副詞作用（如動詞不定式和分詞），在句中作狀語。

　　二、非謂語動詞用法：

　�。ㄒ唬﹦釉~不定式：（to）+do，具有名詞、形容詞、副詞的特征。

　　1．不定式的形式：

　　否定式：not + (to) do

　�。�1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的動作與謂語動詞動作同時發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之后，

　　例如：

　　I'm glad to meet you.

　　He seems to know a lot.

　　We plan to pay a visit.

　　He wants to be an artist.

　　The patient asked to be operated on at once.

　　The teacher ordered the work to be done.

　　（2）進(jìn)行式：不定式的進(jìn)行式所表示的動作與謂語動詞動作同時發(fā)生，例如：

　　The boy pretended to be working hard.

　　He seems to be reading in his room.

　　（3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之前，例如：

　　I regretted to have told a lie.

　　I happened to have seen the film.

　　He is pleased to have met his friend.

　　定語從句和非謂語動詞解析：

　　熟悉非謂語動詞的同學(xué)們應(yīng)該都知道，非謂語動詞包括to do, doing和done，這三類動詞的特別之處就在于它們可以在句子里面充當(dāng)除謂語以外的任何成分，其中一個非常重要的用法就是位于名詞后作為名詞的后置定語，比如：

　　The semiarid lands bordering the deserts exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures.

　　以上例句里的非謂語動詞的短語“bordering the deserts”就是用作定語來修飾前面的名詞短語“the semiarid lands”。

　　很多同學(xué)很熟悉定語從句，而對非謂語動詞的用法總是有種望而卻步的感覺。

　　但是細(xì)心的同學(xué)肯定會發(fā)現(xiàn)，其實在語法家族里，當(dāng)將非謂語動詞用作后置定語的時候，它與定語從句的'用法是一樣的，兩者是名副其實地長相不同，但卻有血緣關(guān)系的“遠(yuǎn)房表親”。比如，上面的例子我們就可以改寫成定語從句：

　　The semiarid lands which border the deserts exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures.

　　再如以下帶有非謂語動詞短語的句子：

　　Theorist adopting the psychodynamic approach hold that inner conflicts are crucial for understand human behavior, including aggression.

　　我們可以改成定語從句：

　　Theorist who adopt the psychodynamic approach hold that inner conflicts are crucial for understand human behavior, including aggression.

　　又如，以下的兩個句子的意思是相同的：

　　1.What audience came to see was the magic made possible by trick photography and manipulation of the cinema.

　　2.What audience came to see was the magic that was made possible by trick photography and manipulation of the cinema.

　　在很多情況下，學(xué)生更容易理解定語從句。所以，下次在處理包含非謂語動詞短語的長難句時，不妨將其改寫成定語從句，方便我們理解長難句。

　　那么問題來了，定語從句和作定語的非謂語動詞之前是否有某種特定的對應(yīng)關(guān)系呢?答案是有的，關(guān)系如下：

　　Which be to do = to do(表主動/將來)

　　Which do... = doing...(表主動)

　　Which be done... = done...(表被動)

　　為方便大家記憶，哈耶普的老師為大家準(zhǔn)備了一個“玫瑰凋謝理論”：

　　1.The roses to be planted in the garden are fading away.

　　2.Tho roses which are to be planted in the garden are fading away.

　　1.The roses growing in the garden are fading away.

　　2.The roses which grow in the garden are fading away

　　1.The roses planted in the garden are fading away.

　　2.The roses which are planted in the garden are fading away

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