賓語從句的課件
導(dǎo)語：對于賓語從句，大家要認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)。以下是賓語從句的課件，供各位閱讀和借鑒。
一、直接引語變間接引語
1. 人稱的變化：一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新。
1). “一隨主” 指若直接引語中的主語為第一人稱時(shí), 變間接引語時(shí)應(yīng)與主句的主語人稱一致.
She said “I like playing basketball”.
She said that _____ _____ playing basketball.
2). “二隨賓” 指若直接賓語中的主語為第二人稱時(shí), 變間接賓語時(shí)應(yīng)與主句的賓語人稱一致.
She asked Tom “Can I have a look at your picture”.
She asked Tom if ______ could have a look at ______ picture.
3). “第三人稱不更新”指若直接賓語中的主語為第三人稱時(shí), 變間接賓語時(shí)人稱保持不變.
She said to me “They want to help me”.
She told me that _____ _____ to help me.
2. 指示代詞，時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)狀語的變化
二、 賓語從句的考查
賓語從句在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。
1. 考查賓語從句的語序：
賓語從句的語序用陳述句語序。即 “主語+謂語+……
Do you know when __________?
A. does the next train leave B. the next train leaves
C. will the next train leave D. the next train will leave
注：若從句時(shí)疑問句，但語序不變的有：
1). who在從句中作主語。
Can you tell me _________? (誰將來這兒)
2). what’s wrong / the matter?
He asked what was the matter with me.
3). what happened
I don’t know what happened yesterday.
4). which is the way to ….?
Can you tell me which is the way to the park ?
2. 考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞
1). 若賓語從句時(shí)陳述句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用that 且that 可省掉。
She said “I’m gald to see you” = She said _____ _____ ______ gald to see me.
2). 賓語從句時(shí)一般疑問句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用if 或whether. 一般情況下if /whether 可互換，但后有or not / or 、動(dòng)詞不定式或介詞的后面時(shí)，只能用whether.
He saked me “Are you going to Wuhan ?” = He asked me ______ _____ _____ going to Wuhan.
I’m thinking about ______ to go there.
A. if B. whether C. that
3). 賓語從句時(shí)特殊疑問句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問詞。
Do you know ________? I’m not sure, Maybe he is a businessman.
A. who he is B. who is he C. what he does D. what does he do
4). 若賓語從句時(shí)肯定祈使句時(shí)，就改為ask /tell sb to do sth. 若為否定祈使句，就改為ask /tell sb not to sth.
“Don’t open the door” The teacher said. = The teacher told me _____ ____ ___ the door.
3.賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)
1. 如果主句的.時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句該用什麼時(shí)態(tài)就用什麼時(shí)態(tài)。
Can you tell me _________? He is a doctor.
A. what is he B. what he was C. what he is D. what was he
2. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)（一般過去時(shí)， 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)， 過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)）。
He asked ____________.
A. what time it is B. what time is it C. what time it was D. what time was it
He told me that he ______ for the sports meet.
A. is preparing B. was preparing C. will prepare D. has prepared
注：1) 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
Our teacher said that January_____(be) the first month of the year.
Our teacher said that the earth ___(go) around the sun.
2).若主句為could you …..?表示請求客氣的語氣，從句的時(shí)態(tài)仍然不變。
Could you tell me _______?
A. what he was doing B. what was he doing
C. what he is doing D. what is he doing
4. if /when 引導(dǎo)狀語從句和賓語從句這兩種從句。從句的時(shí)態(tài)的確定。
Can you guess if they___ to play football with us?
I think they will come if they ____free.
A. come, are B. will come, will be C. will come, are D. come, will be
Can you tell me when he____here tomorrow?
When he _____ here, please call me.
A. comes, comes B. will come, will come C. will come, comes D. comes, will come
5. 賓語從句的簡化：
1). 賓語從句是陳述句時(shí)，且主、從句的主語一致，可簡化為“動(dòng)詞+ to do sth”.
I hope I can meet you again.
I hope _____ _____ you again.
2). 賓語從句是疑問句時(shí)，且主、從句的主語一致，或從句的主語與主句的賓語一致�？珊喕癁椤耙蓡栐~+ to do sth”.
I don’t know what I should do next.
I don’t know ____ ____ _____ next.
Could you tell me how I can get there?
Could you tell me ____ ____ _____ there?
John didn’t decide which shirt he would buy.
John didn’t decide _____ ____ _____ _____ .
3). hear / see / find + that + 從句 ，可改為“hear / see / find + sb (要用賓格) + doing sth”.
I heard that they were singing in the next room.
=I heard _____ _____ in the next room.
We found that she was playing with the cat under the tree.
We found _____ _____ with the cat under the tree.
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