2024年英語真題及答案解析

　　2024 年英語真題新鮮出爐！我們?yōu)槟憔�心準備了真題及詳細答案解析。這份資料將助你精準把握考試要點，查缺補漏。深入剖析每一道題，讓你了解命題思路與解題技巧。無論你是備考沖刺還是自我檢驗，都不容錯過，快來開啟這場英語真題之旅，為你的學習之路增添動力。

　　2024年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（新課標Ⅱ卷）

　　英語

　　本試卷共12頁。考試結(jié)束后, 將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

　　注意事項: 1. 答題前, 考生先將自己的姓名、準考證號碼填寫清楚, 將條形碼準確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。

　　2. 選擇題必須使用 2B 鉛筆填涂; 非選擇題必須使用 0.5 毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫, 字體工整、筆跡清楚。

　　3. 請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答, 超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效; 在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。

　　4. 作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出, 確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。

　　5. 保持卡面清潔, 不要折疊, 不要弄破、弄皺, 不準使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。

　　第一部分 聽力（1—20 小題）在筆試結(jié)束后進行。

　　注意事項: 英語聽力共兩節(jié),20小題,每小題1.5分,滿分30分。

　　第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）

　　做題時,先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

　　第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）

　　聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

　　例: How much is the shirt?

　　A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.

　　答案是 C。

　　1. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

　　What did the woman do yesterday evening?

　　A. She watched TV. B. She went shopping. C. She attended a show.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】

　　【原文】M: Did you watch the talent show on TV last night?

　　W: No, I missed it. I went with my mom to buy some clothes.

　　2. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

　　What is the man’s suggestion?

　　A. Taking a rest. B. Going for a coffee. C. Having a snack.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】

　　【原文】W: I love this park. It’s so beautiful.

　　M: It surely is. Are you tired? Shall we stop by the lake for a few minutes?

　　W: Good idea. Let’s go to that cafe for a little refreshment.

　　3. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

　　What are the speakers mainly talking about?

　　A. A weekend plan. B. A wedding invitation. C. A business deal.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】

　　【原文】W: Tom, shall we invite the Smiths around for dinner this Sunday?

　　M: Sure, but I need to pack for Monday’s business trip. What about Saturday?

　　W: Okay.

　　4. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

　　Where is Barbara going tonight?

　　A. To a gym. B. To her grandma’s. C. To the doctor’s.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】

　　【原文】M: Barbara, do you want to play table tennis with us tonight?

　　W: I’d love to, but I can’t. I’m catching the last train to Denver to see my grandma. I need to take her to visit a doctor tomorrow morning.

　　5. 【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

　　What is Alex doing?

　　A. He’s having breakfast. B. He’s feeding a cat. C. He’s reading a book.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】

　　【原文】W: Alex, did you feed the cat this morning? I don’t think she can wait.

　　M: All right. After I finish this chapter, I just can’t let go of this book.

　　第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）

　　聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘:聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

　　聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

　　6. Where does the conversation probably take place?

　　A. In a fitness center. B. In a sports shop. C. In a clinic.

　　7. What does the man advise the woman to do?

　　A. Buy high-quality sportswear.

　　B. Keep working out regularly.

　　C. Avoid over-exercising.

　　【答案】53. A 54. B

　　【解析】

　　【原文】M: Miss, do you need any help?

　　W: I want to get fit, but exercise doesn’t seem to help.

　　M: What kind of exercise have you done before?

　　W: I did jogging now and then but it was so boring, so I changed to weightlifting. But it was so demanding, and I was afraid of getting injured, so I went bike riding.

　　M: Oh, I see. You need to be consistent. I suggest you do different kinds of exercise on one day or on different days of the week. This will help hold your interest, so you can keep coming back.

　　聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

　　8. Why does the man make the call?

　　A. To reserve a table. B. To ask about a party. C. To postpone a meeting.

　　9. What time should the man arrive on Friday evening?

　　A. At 5:30. B. At 6:30. C. At 8:00.

　　10. What is the man’s name?

　　A. Brown. B. Anderson. C. Howard.

　　【答案】55. A 56. C 57. B

　　【解析】

　　【原文】W: Hello, Brown’s Grill. How may I help you?

　　M: Hi, I’d like to book a table for Friday evening.

　　W: Okay, how many people are there in your party?

　　M: There will be six.

　　W: And what time would you like to come?

　　M: Let’s say at... 6:30.

　　W: I’m afraid we don’t have anything available then. We could see you at 5:30 or 8:00.

　　M: Oh, 8:00 is better.

　　W: Fine. May I have your name?

　　M: Yes, it’s Anderson.

　　W: Thank you. We’ll see you on Friday. By the way, we’ve moved to Howard Street.

　　M: Oh, yeah, I know. Thanks.

　　聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

　　11. Why does Sarah come to talk to Jacob?

　　A. To make an appointment. B. To seek his advice. C. To explain a decision.

　　12. How many people are there in Sarah’s group?

　　A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.

　　13. What is the relationship between the speakers?

　　A. Classmates. B. Fellow workers. C. Teacher and student.

　　【答案】58. C 59. B 60. A

　　【解析】

　　【原文】W: Jacob, do you have a minute now?

　　M: Sure.

　　W: Well, it’s not easy to say, but I have to tell you, you’re not in our group for the class project.

　　M: Sarah, what do you mean? You know, I’m always in a group with you.

　　W: I know, it’s just that this time..., this time we made the group differently. And because you were late, we’ve already made the group. See, there are four of us already.

　　M: so? we can’t be a group of five?

　　W: Well, Professor North said there should be no more than four people in each group. It’s not about you or your work or anything like that.

　　M: Okay, but please count me in next time.

　　聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題�！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

　　14. How often does the band come to perform in the park?

　　A. Three times a year. B. Once a year. C. Every other year.

　　15. What kind of music will be played this evening?

　　A. Country music. B. Jazz. C. Rock and roll.

　　16. What will Jannie do next?

　　A. Catch a bus. B. Listen to a lecture. C. Go to the library.

　　【答案】61. B 62. A 63. C

　　【解析】

　　【原文】M: Hey, Jannie, where are you going?

　　W: To the library.

　　M: There is a music concert in Victoria Park at 4 o’clock. Do you want to go?

　　W: Yes, Professor Darwin’s lecture is cancelled. I’m free this evening.

　　M: Great. The band plays pretty good music. For the last 3 years, I have never missed it.

　　W: How long ago did the band start playing in the park?

　　M: I think it was 5 years ago. Every year they arrive the first week of July and play for a week. You’re sure to enjoy this evening. There will be good country music.

　　W: My favorite is rock and roll, but I have to say that country music can be quite beautiful sometimes.

　　M: I like all kinds of music, especially jazz. Oh, Jannie, we have to go now.

　　W: Why? There’s plenty of time.

　　M: Many people are heading to the park. The traffic will be terrible.

　　W: All right, but I have to return these books first.

　　M: Okay. I’ll be waiting for you at the bus station.

　　聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

　　17. Why did the speaker go to the hotel?

　　A. To deliver a speech.

　　B. To arrange a conference.

　　C. To interview Mr. Rochester.

　　18. What did Mr. Rochester do soon after he bought the hotel?

　　A. He talked with the staff members.

　　B. He had the old carpets replaced.

　　C. He ran a six-month training project.

　　19. What did Susan do when she met Mr. Rochester the second time?

　　A. She was a cleaner. B. She was a secretary. C. She was a receptionist.

　　20. What does the speaker think is key to Mr. Rochester’s success?

　　A. Managing time efficiently.

　　B. Valuing human relationships.

　　C. Possessing a good memory.

　　【答案】64. B 65. A 66. C 67. B

　　【解析】

　　【原文】W: Good morning, everyone. This lesson is a part of our leadership series. Let me start by sharing a story of Richard Rochester, one of the most successful businessmen in Britain. Years ago, I was given the task of organizing a conference in the south of England. I chose a five-star hotel owned by Rochester as the venue. Susan, the receptionist, helped me arrange everything perfectly. Once when we were chatting, I asked Susan if she’d ever met Mr. Rochester. She said yes. Shortly after Mr. Rochester bought the hotel, he made an appointment to see the hotel manager. When he arrived, the first person he met was Susan, who was cleaning the carpet. He chatted with Susan for 30 minutes before keeping his appointment with the manager. He spent all day at the hotel talking with each member of the staff, from the top guy to the lady who cleaned the toilets. Six months later, Mr. Rochester paid another visit. Susan had been promoted to receptionist, but he recognized her immediately and addressed her by name. He even remembered that she had a little girl and what her name was. Now, I don’t believe that Richard Rochester has that good memory. He must have written a lot of notes after his first visit and read them over again before that second visit. It’s time-consuming, but it shows the importance he places on human relationships. I think that’s one of the secrets of his success.

　　第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié), 滿分50分）

　　第一節(jié)（共15 小題; 每小題 2.5 分, 滿分 37.5分）

　　閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

　　A

　　Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers

　　The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.

　　Walk 1 — The Natural World

　　With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour. Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.

　　Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00

　　Start Point: Scratoes Bridge

　　Walk Duration: 6 hours

　　Walk 2 — Introduction to Hillwalking

　　Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all. This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips.

　　Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 09:00

　　Start Point: Deerpark Car Park

　　Walk Duration: 5 hours

　　Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars

　　Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. A torch (手電筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark. Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.

　　Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 18:30

　　Start Point: The Town Hall

　　Walk Duration: 3 hours

　　Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest

　　This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild. Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.

　　Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 11:45

　　Start Point: Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area

　　Walk Duration: 1.5 hours

　　1. Which walk takes the shortest time?

　　A. The Natural World. B. Introduction to Hillwalking.

　　C. Moonlight Under the Stars. D. Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.

　　2. What are participants in Walk 3 required to do?

　　A. Wear proper clothes. B. Join a walking club.

　　C. Get special permits. D. Bring a survival guide.

　　3. What do the four walks have in common?

　　A. They involve difficult climbing. B. They are for experienced walkers.

　　C. They share the same start point. D. They are scheduled for the weekend.

　　【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了參加卡洛秋季徒步節(jié)的幾種步行方案，及其日期、起點和步行時間等相關(guān)細節(jié)。

　　【1題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題。通讀全文，根據(jù)文章所給出的四種方案中的“Walk Duration (步行時間)”部分比較可知，“Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest (步行4——基爾布蘭尼什森林攝影步行)”的步行時間是1.5小時，用時最短。故選D項。

　　【2題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars (步行3——星光下的月光)”部分中的“Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.(穿著不當?shù)娜藢⒈痪芙^參加)”可知，第三種步行方案的參與者需要穿合適的衣服。故選A項。

　　【3題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)四種步行方案中的“Date and Time (日期和時間)”部分比較可知，這四種方案都被安排在周末。故選D項。

　　B

　　Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed.

　　Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least.

　　“You enter the fare gates (檢票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”

　　It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works.

　　Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.”

　　Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit?

　　Trost thinks so.

　　“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.

　　And you’ll never be without something to read.

　　4. Why did BART start the kiosk program?

　　A. To promote the local culture. B. To discourage phone use.

　　C. To meet passengers’ needs. D. To reduce its running costs.

　　5. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk?

　　A. By popularity. B. By length.

　　C. By theme. D. By language.

　　6. What has Trost been doing recently?

　　A. Organizing a story contest. B. Doing a survey of customers.

　　C. Choosing a print publisher. D. Conducting interviews with artists.

　　7. What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future?

　　A. It will close down. B. Its profits will decline.

　　C. It will expand nationwide. D. Its ridership will increase.

　　【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要報道了舊金山灣區(qū)捷運系統(tǒng)(BART)推出自動售貨亭提供短篇故事打印服務(wù)，旨在滿足乘客閱讀需求，提升出行體驗，Trost認為此舉措能吸引更多乘客，對BART的未來持樂觀態(tài)度，預(yù)期乘客量將會增長。

　　【4題詳解】

　　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段““You enter the fare gates (檢票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit - known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”(舊金山灣區(qū)捷運系統(tǒng)（BART）首席通訊官Alicia Trost表示：“你進入檢票口，會看到一個亮著燈的信息亭，它告訴你可以得到一分鐘、三分鐘或五分鐘的報道。你可以選擇你想要的長度，它會給你一個類似收據(jù)的短篇故事�！�)”可知，BART啟動信息亭是為了滿足乘客在乘車過程中的閱讀需求，為他們提供不同長度的短篇故事或詩歌來打發(fā)時間。故選C項。

　　【5題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.(你可以選擇你想要的長度，它會給你一個類似收據(jù)的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按長度分類，乘客可以根據(jù)自己的需求選擇不同長度的故事。故選B項。

　　【6題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,(我們想做一些事情，呼吁灣區(qū)的藝術(shù)家為比賽提交故事)”以及第六段“The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.(獲獎故事會進入我們的書報亭，然后你就會成為一名出版藝術(shù)家)”可知，Trost最近在組織一個故事競賽，向灣區(qū)的藝術(shù)家征集故事，獲勝作品將被放入書報亭供乘客閱讀。故選A項。

　　【7題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.(她說：“歸根結(jié)底，所有的交通機構(gòu)現(xiàn)在都在盡一切努力改善乘客體驗。所以我絕對認為，我們會因為短篇小說而吸引更多的乘客。”)”可知，Trost認為通過提升乘客體驗，包括提供短篇故事閱讀服務(wù)，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量將會增加。故選D項。

　　C

　　We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.

　　BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.

　　Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.

　　Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.

　　BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee.

　　8. What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1?

　　A. It guarantees the variety of food. B. It requires day-to-day care.

　　C. It cuts the farm-to-table distance. D. It relies on farmer’s markets.

　　9. What information does the convenient app offer?

　　A. Real-time weather changes. B. Current condition of the plants.

　　C. Chemical pollutants in the soil. D. Availability of pre-seeded pods.

　　10. What can be concluded about BMF employees?

　　A. They have a great passion for sports.

　　B. They are devoted to community service.

　　C. They are fond of sharing daily experiences.

　　D. They have a strong environmental awareness.

　　11. What does the text mainly talk about?

　　A. BMF’s major strengths. B. BMF’s general management.

　　C. BMF’s global influence. D. BMF’s technical standards.

　　【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了巴比倫微農(nóng)場（BMF）的一些主要優(yōu)勢，包括減少食物運輸距離、通過云技術(shù)遠程監(jiān)控、自動化系統(tǒng)節(jié)約水資源、減少化學污染、以及員工的環(huán)保生活方式等。

　　【8題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. (雖然農(nóng)貿(mào)市場是減少旅程的可靠選擇，但巴比倫微型農(nóng)場（BMF）甚至縮短了旅程)”可知，巴比倫微型農(nóng)場（BMF）進一步縮短了從農(nóng)場到餐桌的距離。故選C。

　　【9題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. (此外，還有一個便捷的應(yīng)用程序，可以實時提供增長數(shù)據(jù))”可知，這個便捷的應(yīng)用程序提供了植物生長的實時數(shù)據(jù)。故選B。

　　【10題詳解】

　　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. (BMF員工在日常生活中追求可持續(xù)發(fā)展。大約一半的人步行或騎自行車上班。在辦公室里，他們通過限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料來鼓勵回收和減少浪費。BMF的一名員工表示：“我們熱衷于減少環(huán)境中的廢物、碳和化學品。”)”可知，BMF員工具有強烈的環(huán)保意識。故選D。

　　【11題詳解】

　　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. (雖然農(nóng)貿(mào)市場是減少旅程的可靠選擇，但巴比倫微型農(nóng)場（BMF）甚至縮短了旅程)”、第三段“By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. (通過云連接，對BMF進行遠程監(jiān)控。此外，還有一個方便的應(yīng)用程序可以實時提供不斷增長的數(shù)據(jù)。由于該系統(tǒng)是自動化的，因此大大減少了種植植物所需的水量。該系統(tǒng)不是給一排排土壤澆水，而是為每株植物提供合適的水量)”以及最后一段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. (BMF員工在日常生活中追求可持續(xù)發(fā)展。大約一半的人步行或騎自行車上班。在辦公室里，他們通過限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料來鼓勵回收和減少浪費。BMF的一名員工表示：“我們熱衷于減少環(huán)境中的廢物、碳和化學品。”)”可知，文章主要介紹了巴比倫微農(nóng)場（BMF）的一些主要優(yōu)勢，包括減少食物運輸距離、通過云技術(shù)遠程監(jiān)控、自動化系統(tǒng)節(jié)約水資源、減少化學污染、以及員工的環(huán)保生活方式等。故選A。

　　D

　　Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (變革).

　　In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代碼) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.

　　As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now-several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.

　　Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI-the technology companies and world leaders-so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.

　　AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.

　　12. What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean?

　　A. If read by someone poorly educated. B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned.

　　C. If written by someone less competent. D. If translated by someone unacademic.

　　13. What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text?

　　A. It is packed with complex codes. B. It adopts a down-to-earth writing style.

　　C. It provides step-by-step instructions. D. It is intended for AI professionals.

　　14. What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development?

　　A. Observe existing regulations on it.

　　B. Reconsider expert opinions about it.

　　C. Make joint efforts to keep it under control.

　　D. Learn from prior experience to slow it down.

　　15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

　　A. To recommend a book on AI. B. To give a brief account of AI history.

　　C. To clarify the definition of AI. D. To honor an outstanding AI expert.

　　【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一書。該書作為應(yīng)對AI革命挑戰(zhàn)的實用指南，以商業(yè)視角闡述AI發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與前景，強調(diào)控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界協(xié)同確保人工智能安全發(fā)展，以防潛在危機。

　　【12題詳解】

　　詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段“such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代碼) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. (這樣一本書可能會像驅(qū)動人工智能的計算機代碼一樣復雜，但值得慶幸的是，坎貝爾有20多年的專業(yè)經(jīng)驗，可以將令人興奮的內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)化為可理解的內(nèi)容。她從商業(yè)人士的實際角度而不是學者的角度出發(fā)，撰寫了一本非常通俗易懂、內(nèi)容豐富的指南，讀完后會讓你覺得自己幾乎和人工智能一樣聰明)”可知，坎貝爾撰寫的這本書是通俗易懂的，如果別人寫這本書的話可能就不是這樣了，推測劃線短語表示 “如果是由能力較差的人寫的”。故選C項。

　　【13題詳解】

　　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.(值得慶幸的是，坎貝爾有20多年的專業(yè)經(jīng)驗，可以將令人興奮的內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)化為可理解的內(nèi)容。她從商業(yè)人士的實際角度而不是學者的角度出發(fā)，撰寫了一本非常通俗易懂、內(nèi)容豐富的指南，讀完后會讓你覺得自己幾乎和人工智能一樣聰明)”可知，坎貝爾在書中將令人興奮的內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)化為可理解的內(nèi)容，這本書的特點是通俗易懂，推測它采用了接地氣的寫作風格。故選B項。

　　【14題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. (她說，我們必須保持對人工智能的控制，否則就有被邊緣化甚至更糟的風險)”和文章最后一段“We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. (我們需要考慮我們希望人工智能的未來如何發(fā)展。這種結(jié)構(gòu)化的思維，加上全球監(jiān)管，將使我們走向偉大，而不是走向衰敗)”可知，坎貝爾敦促人們保持對人工智能的控制，考慮人工智能的未來應(yīng)如何發(fā)展，所以關(guān)于人工智能的發(fā)展，坎貝爾敦促人們共同努力將其控制住。故選C項。

　　【15題詳解】

　　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (變革). (考慮到人工智能改變我們生活的驚人潛力，我們都需要采取行動來應(yīng)對人工智能驅(qū)動的未來，這正是AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence的用武之地。卡特里奧娜·坎貝爾撰寫的這本引人入勝的`新書是一本實用的路線圖，旨在應(yīng)對即將到來的人工智能革命帶來的挑戰(zhàn))”和文章最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. (人工智能將影響我們所有人，如果你只讀一本關(guān)于這個主題的書，那就是這本書)”可知，本文主要介紹了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一書，該書作為應(yīng)對AI革命挑戰(zhàn)的實用指南，以商業(yè)視角闡述AI發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與前景，強調(diào)控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界協(xié)同確保人工智能安全發(fā)展，以防潛在危機，所以作者寫這篇文章的目的是推薦一本關(guān)于人工智能的書。故選A項。

　　第二節(jié)（共5小題; 每小題2.5分, 滿分12.5分）

　　閱讀下面短文, 從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?

　　Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___ Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.

　　●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. ___17___

　　●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___18___ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?

　　●___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.

　　Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (榮幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.

　　A. Visit during off-peak times.

　　B. So, should we stop traveling?

　　C. Travel for you and no one else.

　　D. Can overtourism be avoided then?

　　E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.

　　F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.

　　G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.

　　【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. G

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了如何避免“過度旅游”的現(xiàn)象。

　　【16題詳解】

　　前文“Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.(旅游促進理解，擴展我們的思想，使我們成為更好的人，促進當?shù)亟?jīng)濟和社區(qū)，但旅游業(yè)的快速發(fā)展導致了某些地區(qū)和目的地的過度旅游)”表明旅游帶來了一些問題，后文“The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world.(在當今世界，失去旅行所能提供的東西將是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，結(jié)合后文“Certainly not.(當然不)”可知，空處提問能否停止旅行，D選項“那么，我們應(yīng)該停止旅行嗎？”符合語境。故選B。

　　【17題詳解】

　　前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.(游客過多的目的地是有原因的：它們很特別。網(wǎng)上有這么多關(guān)于同一個地方的帖子，很容易讓你覺得你錯過了。只有當風景、文化或食物深深吸引你時，才去某個地方)”表明不要跟風旅游，C選項“為你而不是其他人旅行”表明要關(guān)注自己在旅行時的感受，忠實自己的感受，不用管其余的建議，符合語境。故選C。

　　【18題詳解】

　　前文“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.(這意味著你有很多不太受歡迎的選擇)及后文“Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?( 為什么不嘗試一個地區(qū)性的選擇，或者看看一個熱門目的地不太為人所知的景點呢)”提出建議，可以選擇一些冷門的景點，E選項“你仍然可以找到相對未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的地方”符合語境。故選E。

　　19題詳解】

　　空處為小標題，根據(jù)后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.(通過跳過重大節(jié)假日或高峰時間來最小化影響并最大化體驗)”表示旅游時要注意避開高峰期，選擇合適的時間，A選項“在非高峰時間參觀”概括本段內(nèi)容。故選A。

　　【20題詳解】

　　前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.(盡你的一份力，從一開始就保護一個目的地的特別之處)”表明旅游時應(yīng)保護旅游景點，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.(你可能會驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)你和那里的人感覺如此親近)”表示這樣做的感受，G選項“考慮回饋你所訪問的社區(qū)”承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。

　　第三部分 語言運用（共兩節(jié), 滿分30分）

　　第一節(jié)（共15小題; 每小題1分, 滿分15分）

　　閱讀下面短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

　　When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didnt think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to ___21___, Italy was the clear winner.

　　During my first visit to Italy, I ___22___ to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to ___23___ a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and ___24___ my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language ___25___. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how ___26___ Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. Its these small ___28___ of kindness that make a new country feel like home.

　　As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my ___29___ quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional ____30____, and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families ____31____ for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ____32____. These meals are always ____33____ by laughter and joy. Whatever ____34____ life in Italy might have, the problems are ____35____ once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.

　　21. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle

　　22. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened

　　23. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match

　　24. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised

　　25. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test

　　26. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed

　　27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order

　　28. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties

　　29. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth

　　30. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale

　　31. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait

　　32. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for

　　33. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied

　　34. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities

　　35. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified

　　【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者十年前選擇在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的風土人情。

　　【21題詳解】

　　考查名詞詞義辨析，句意：我喜歡在法國旅行，但當談到選擇我最喜歡的定居地點時，意大利顯然是贏家。A. study學習；B. rent租金；C. visit游覽；D. settle定居。根據(jù)下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此處指作者最喜歡的定居地點。故選D。

　　【22題詳解】

　　考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：在我第一次訪問意大利時，我很難問路或在餐館點餐。A. planned計劃；B. struggled斗爭、吃力地進行；C. refused拒絕；D. happened出現(xiàn)、發(fā)生。根據(jù)上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此處指作者第一次到意大利，語言不通，很難溝通交流。故選B。

　　【23題詳解】

　　考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：我試著把一個意大利語句子串在一起，當?shù)厝藢ξ椅⑿�，稱贊我的語言技能。A. string串起、連成一串；B. hang懸掛；C. mix混合；D. match配對。根據(jù)下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此處指作者努力想用意大利語串成一句話。故選A。

　　【24題詳解】

　　考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：我試著把一個意大利語句子串在一起，當?shù)厝藢ξ椅⑿Γ�稱贊我的語言技能。A. improved改進；B. assessed評估；C. admired欽佩；D. praised贊揚。根據(jù)上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此處指作者嘗試說意大利語，當?shù)厝速潛P作者的語言能力。故選D。

　　【25題詳解】

　　考查名詞詞義辨析，句意：這種鼓勵幫助我克服了語言障礙。A.course課程；B. barrier障礙；C. area區(qū)域；D. test測試。根據(jù)上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped me”可推知，此處指當?shù)厝藢ψ髡叩墓膭顜椭�他克服了語言障礙。故選B。

　　【26題詳解】

　　考查形容詞詞義辨析，句意：當我把意大利作為永久的家后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)了意大利人是多么的熱情。A. open-minded思想開明的；B. strong-willed思想堅定的；C. warm-hearted熱心的；D. well-informed見多識廣的。根據(jù)下文鄰居的熱心行為“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此處指鄰居是熱情的。故選C。

　　【27題詳解】

　　考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：鄰居們會給我?guī)�來新鮮的奶酪，還會在下雨的時候來我家門前提醒我關(guān)上車窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允許；C. persuade說服；D. order命令。根據(jù)上文“I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此處指熱心的鄰居在下雨的時候來作者家門前提醒他關(guān)上車窗。故選A。

　　【28題詳解】

　　考查名詞詞義辨析，句意：正是這些小小的善舉讓一個新國家有家的感覺。A. tricks技巧；B. promises承諾；C. acts行為；D. duties職責。根據(jù)上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此處指鄰居們的善舉。故選C。

　　【29題詳解】

　　考查名詞詞義辨析，句意：作為一個美食家，通往我內(nèi)心的路是通過我的胃，沒有什么地方能像意大利那樣刺激我的食欲。A. ambition雄心；B. success成功；C. appetite食欲；D. growth發(fā)育。根據(jù)上文“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此處指做這是一個美食家，所以應(yīng)該是刺激食欲。故選C。

　　【30題詳解】

　　考查名詞詞義辨析，句意：每個城鎮(zhèn)都有自己的傳統(tǒng)菜肴，每個家庭都保存著代代相傳的食譜。A. costume服裝；B. dish菜肴；C. symbol符號；D. tale故事。根據(jù)上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此處指意大利各地都有傳統(tǒng)菜肴。故選B。

　　【31題詳解】

　　考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他們能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer歡呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根據(jù)上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此處指一家人聚集在一起吃飯。故選A。

　　【32題詳解】

　　考查動詞短語辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他們能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with克服；B. stand up for支持；C. come up with想出；D. make up for彌補。根據(jù)上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此處指家人們?yōu)榱司墼谝黄鸪燥埗�想出的理由。故選C。

　　【33題詳解】

　　考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：這些飯菜總是伴隨著笑聲和喜悅。A. signaled示意；B. confirmed確認；C. represented 代表；D. accompanied伴隨。根據(jù)下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此處指家人們在一起用餐時伴隨著歡聲笑語。固定搭配“accompany by”譯為“伴隨”。故選D。

　　【34題詳解】

　　考查名詞詞義辨析，句意：無論意大利的生活有什么缺點，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下來吃頓大餐，這些問題就會被遺忘。A. disadvantages缺點；B. meanings含義；C. surprises驚喜；D. opportunities機會。根據(jù)上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此處指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之處。故選A。

　　【35題詳解】

　　考查動詞詞義辨析，句意：無論意大利的生活有什么缺點，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下來吃頓大餐，這些問題就會被遺忘。A. created創(chuàng)建；B. forgotten忘記；C. understood理解；D. identified確認。根據(jù)上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此處指無論在意大利的生活有什么不如意之處，跟家人們吃一頓飯就會忘記不愉快。故選B。

　　第二節(jié)（共10 小題; 每小題 1.5 分, 滿分15分）

　　閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入 1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

　　Chinese cultural elements commemorating (紀念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.

　　Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common ___37___ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and Juliet.”

　　A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.

　　Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___42___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers.

　　___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.”

　　【答案】36. who

　　37. themes 38. were

　　39. to 40. inspired

　　41. was built

　　42. visibility

　　43. to find

　　44. Recalling

　　45. and

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國明代戲曲家湯顯祖與英國戲劇家莎士比亞之間的聯(lián)系和共同點，并展示了這種聯(lián)系如何被紀念和展示在莎士比亞的故鄉(xiāng)斯特拉特福德，且說明了這種聯(lián)系對于提高斯特拉特福德國際知名度的重要性。

　　【36題詳解】

　　考查定語從句。句意：為了紀念被譽為“亞洲莎士比亞”的湯顯祖，中國文化元素為莎士比亞的故鄉(xiāng)——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了國際化的色彩。這里為定語從句的關(guān)系詞，先行詞為“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定語從句中擔當主語，表示人，用關(guān)系代詞who引導。故填who。

　　【37題詳解】

　　考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：莎士比亞故居信托基金會的研究主管Paul Edmondson說，盡管他們從未見過面，但他們的作品中都有共同的主題。本句為“there be”句型，為倒裝句，根據(jù)謂語動詞“are”可判斷，本句主語為名詞的復數(shù)形式。故填themes。

　　【38題詳解】

　　考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：“湯顯祖所寫的一些內(nèi)容也是莎士比亞所關(guān)心的。我碰巧知道湯顯祖的戲劇《牡丹亭》在某些方面與《羅密歐與朱麗葉》相似。”這里為本句謂語動詞，根據(jù)句意以及定語從句時態(tài)可知，本句時態(tài)為一般過去時；主語為“some of the things”，復數(shù)。故填were。

　　【39題詳解】

　　考查固定短語。句意：“湯顯祖所寫的一些內(nèi)容也是莎士比亞所關(guān)心的。我碰巧知道湯顯祖的戲劇《牡丹亭》在某些方面與《羅密歐與朱麗葉》相似。”固定短語：be similar to，意為“和……相似”，符合句意。故填to。

　　【40題詳解】

　　考查非謂語動詞。句意：兩年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花園落成，該花園距離莎士比亞故居僅十分鐘步行路程，其靈感來自《牡丹亭》。非謂語動詞擔當后置定語，被修飾詞“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和動詞“inspire”之間為被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞形式。故填inspired。

　　【41題詳解】

　　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：兩年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花園落成，該花園距離莎士比亞故居僅十分鐘步行路程，其靈感來自《牡丹亭》。這里為本句謂語動詞，根據(jù)時間狀語“Two years later”可知，本句時態(tài)為一般過去時；主語為“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，單數(shù)，和動詞“build”之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)。故填was built。

　　【42題詳解】

　　考查名詞。句意：Edmondson說，這些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的國際知名度，并補充說，游客們穿過故居花園時，常常驚訝于這兩位偉大作家之間的聯(lián)系。形容詞international后接名詞形式，visibility“知名度”為不可數(shù)名詞作賓語。故填visibility。

　　【43題詳解】

　　考查非謂語動詞。句意：Edmondson說，這些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的國際知名度，并補充說，游客們穿過故居花園時，常常驚訝于這兩位偉大作家之間的聯(lián)系。非謂語動詞擔當形容詞“amazed”后的原因狀語，用動詞不定式形式。故填to find。

　　【44題詳解】

　　考查非謂語動詞。句意：回憶起幾年前在上海觀看莎士比亞戲劇《理查三世》的中國版，并遇見前來斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中國演員時，Edmondson說：“聽到中文，看到湯顯祖的戲劇是如何被表演的，非常激動人心�！狈侵^語動詞擔當狀語，主語“Edmondson”和動詞“recall”之間為主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式擔當狀語；出現(xiàn)在句首，首字母大寫。故填Recalling。

　　【45題詳解】

　　考查連詞。句意：回憶起幾年前在上海觀看莎士比亞戲劇《理查三世》的中國版，并遇見前來斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中國演員時，Edmondson說：“聽到中文，看到湯顯祖的戲劇是如何被表演的，非常激動人心�！笨涨啊癶ear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”為并列結(jié)構(gòu)，用and連接。故填and。

　　第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié), 滿分40分）

　　第一節(jié)（滿分15分）

　　46. 假定你是李華，上周五你們班在公園上了一堂美術(shù)課。請你給英國朋友Chris寫一封郵件分享這次經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容包括：

　　（1）你完成的作品；

　　（2）你的感想。

　　注意：

　　（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；

　　（2）請按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。

　　Dear Chris,

　　I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.

　　______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　【答案】

　　Dear Chris

　　I’m writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.

　　We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.

　　The entire experience was incredibly refreshing. Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted.

　　In a word, it was not just an art class; it was a moment of connection with nature that I truly cherished.

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本篇是應(yīng)用文寫作。要求考生給Chris寫一封信, 分享在公園上美術(shù)課的經(jīng)歷。

　　【詳解】1. 詞匯積累

　　決定：decide→determine

　　整個的：entire→whole

　　提供：offer→provide

　　總之：in a word→in short

　　2. 句式拓展

　　簡單句變復合句

　　原句：Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers.

　　拓展句：Because I was inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, which was surrounded by blooming flowers.

　　【點睛】[高分句型1]We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. (that引導的定語從句)

　　[高分句型2] I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted.(as引導的時間狀語從句)

　　第二節(jié)（滿分25分）

　　47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

　　I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.

　　That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadnt heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car.

　　Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (隊列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said.

　　Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out.

　　At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry."

　　注意：

　�。�1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；

　�。�2）請按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。

　　I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.

　　______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised.

　　______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　【答案】參考范文

　　Para 1

　　I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus to Prague, I’ll be late for the conference which is so important that I can’t afford to miss it!” I explained. “May I have your phone number? I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. “Just keep your promise, Sir.” A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure.

　　Para 2

　　Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I also gave him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter.

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者在一次因風暴延誤的旅途中，匆忙搭乘出租車前往車站趕最后一班去布拉格的公共汽車。司機岡特不熟悉車站位置，通過電話求助后順利抵達。到達時作者卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沒帶現(xiàn)金，嘗試用葡萄牙銀行卡支付沒有成功，而車站的取款機也故障了。

　　【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：

　　①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我跑回到岡特那里，告訴他這個壞消息�！笨芍�，第一段可描寫作者留下岡特的電話，承諾會還錢給對方，岡特同意，最終作者及時登上了公共汽車。

　�、谟傻诙�段首句內(nèi)容“四天后，當我回到維也納時，我按照承諾給岡特打了電話�！笨芍�，第二段可描寫作者付費給岡特，并向?qū)Ψ奖硎靖屑ぃ瑑扇顺蔀榱撕门笥选?/p>

　　2.續(xù)寫線索：作者給出解決辦法——承諾還錢——岡特同意——作者登上公共汽車——履行承諾還錢——兩人成為朋友

　　3.詞匯激活

　　行為類

　�、倬芙^：reject/refuse

　　②給某人擁抱：give sb. a hug/embrace sb.

　�、塾浵拢瑢懴拢簑rite down/set down

　　情緒類

　�、匐y以置信地：in disbelief/incredibly/unbelievably

　　②開心地：happily/joyfully

　　【點睛】【高分句型1】He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before.（運用了where引導的限制性定語從句）

　　【高分句型2】When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down.（運用了when引導的時間狀語從句，that引導的限制性定語從句）

　　2024年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國甲卷）

　　英語學科

　　第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié), 滿分30分）

　　第一節(jié)（共5小題; 每小題1. 5分, 滿分7. 5分）

　　聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題, 從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后, 你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

　　1. Where are the speakers going?

　　A. A new restaurant. B. A convenience store. C. Their office.

　　2. When is the class presentation according to Vicky?

　　A. On Thursday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Tuesday.

　　3. Why does the woman make the call?

　　A. To check the price. B. To make an apology. C. To cancel her order.

　　4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

　　A. Husband and wife. B. Boss and employee. C. Salesperson and customer.

　　5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

　　A. Their move to a new place. B. Toms friends at school. C. A sports center.

　　第二節(jié)（共15小題; 每小題1. 5分, 滿分22. 5分）

　　聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題, 從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前, 你將有時間閱讀各個小題, 每小題5秒鐘; 聽完后, 各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

　　聽第6 段材料, 回答第6、7題。

　　6. What does the girl tell her dad?

　　A. She decides to quit college.

　　B. She worries about her academic ability.

　　C. She is unpopular with her classmates.

　　7. How does the father help his daughter?

　　A. By telling a funny joke. B. By sharing his own story. C. By planning a school tour.

　　聽第7段材料, 回答第8 至 10題。

　　8. Who is the man?

　　A. A researcher. B. A bird watcher. C. A radio host.

　　9. When do birds sing quieter?

　　A. On weekend mornings. B. During rush hours. C. In early evenings.

　　10. What is Dr. Zollinger going to do next?

　　A. Summarize her studies. B. Play some recordings. C. Answer more questions.

　　聽第8段材料, 回答第11至13題。

　　11. Where was Jena born?

　　A. In Canada. B. In Japan. C. In Australia.

　　12. How old was Mike when he left Glasgow?

　　A. Five. B. Six. C. Ten.

　　13. What do we know about Mikes parents?

　　A. They enjoy living abroad.

　　B. They first met at the age of 20.

　　C. They will start their own company.

　　聽第9段材料, 回答第14至16題。

　　14. What is the first question to Mr. Green about?

　　A. His adventure in space. B. His physical condition. C. His doctors advice.

　　15. How does Mr. Green feel about traveling to Mars?

　　A. Its unlikely to happen.

　　B. Its physically demanding.

　　C. Its a chance not to be missed.

　　16. Which is Mr. Greens favorite movie?

　　A. Apollo 13. B. Blue Earth. C. Space Station.

　　聽第10段材料, 回答第17至20題。

　　17. What is the speaker doing?

　　A. Giving a report.

　　B. Introducing a musical play.

　　C. Making an announcement.

　　18. What are the students expected to do?

　　A. Carry school flags. B. Wear fun clothes. C. Design fancy masks.

　　19. Where can the parents stand and watch?

　　A. On the sidewalk. B. On the playground. C. In front of the office.

　　20. What should the students do if they dont take part?

　　A. Let their teacher know. B. Stay in the lecture hall. C. Do some reading.

　　參考答案

　　1-5ACBCA 6-10 BBCAB

　　11-15 ABABC 16-20ACBCA

　　聽力原文

　　(Text 1)

　　W: Look, we have time for hamburgar at this former restaurant.

　　W: Forget that. I know a new restaurant on Maple Street not far from our company. Is that okay with you？

　　M: Perfect.

　　(Text 2)

　　M: Hi，Vicky. I remember our class presentation is on Wednesday，but you said its on Thursday. Are you sure？

　　W: Sorry. It was a slip of the tongue. I meant Tuesday for sure.

　　(Text 3)

　　M: Allens furniture. Can I help you？

　　W: Hi. Im the one who asked about the price of a glass tea table top. Just now Im sorry，I made a mistake. The size should be 75 centimeters by 50 centimeters.

　　M: Oh. Thatll make a difference in the price. Hold on and let me find out.

　　(Text 4)

　　W: These are our new arrivals. Every man should own at least one woollen sweater. Dont you think？

　　M: I agree. Any suggestions？

　　W: The one with two pockets sells best this year？Lightweight and stylish. Would you like to try it on？

　　(Text 5)

　　W: How do you like your school,Tom？

　　M: Oh, I like it a lot and I also like the area. The nearby recreation center is cool. Thank you，mom.

　　W: What really leaves you happy with your new home？

　　(Text 6)

　　W: I dont know if I want to go to college，I dont think Ill do very well there，

　　M: Why not？

　　W: Because Im not smart.

　　M: Ye, It can be scary.

　　W: Did you ever come close to dropping out, Dad？

　　M: No. But I worried a lot before I went，I thought college would be full of brains. Once I got there，I found out that most of the kids were just like me.

　　(Text 7)

　　M: Hello，listeners. People around the world are reporting that birds are much louder these days. Now Ive connected with doctor salinger and lets hear what she will say.

　　W: We feel that theyre singing louder because they sing in typically noisy places. But when the noise is gone，they sing quieter than they normally do.

　　M: In other words，birds are like us in a noisy bar，for example，people will raise their voices.

　　W: Exactly. We know that birds sing quieter on the weekend mornings.

　　(Text 8)

　　M: Hi. I dont think weve met before. Im Mike.

　　W: Hi，Mike. My name is Gina. Nice to meet you.

　　M: Nice to meet you，Gina. Where do you come from？

　　W: Originally Im from Canada，but we moved to australia when I was about 5 years old now. My parents live in Tokyo. How about you, Mike？

　　M: I was born in Glasgow and we lived there until I was six. Then since my father worked for an international trade company，we moved all over the place.

　　W: Yeah. Where are some of the places youve lived？

　　M: Most of the time we lived abroad？We spent a total of 10 years in Japan，Germany and Korea. We came back to the UK only 2 years ago，but I think my parents would prefer to stay overseas for another 20 years.

　　W: Wow. It sounds like youve had an interesting life.

　　(Text 9)

　　W: Good morning. Welcome the space hero, Mr Green to my studio.

　　M: Hello. Maria. Hello，my dear friends.

　　W: Well. Lets start from the first question I collected from the audience. Did you have any moments of dizziness since he landed back on the earth.

　　M: The first 3 days back were pretty tough. Your body system is all messed up. So you feel dizzy. Its quite normal，though.

　　W: Thanks. Another question. Would you go for the first manned Mars travel, If you have the chance？

　　M: Absolutely. A trip to Mars is hugely exciting. Im always ready for it.

　　W: I know you can watch movies on the space station. Whats your favorite space movie？Some people asked.

　　M: Apollo 13 is probably my top one. My sons love blue earth. It was brilliant watching the new movie on board the space station.

　　(Text 10)

　　W : Our next dress up day will be on friday，October 28th， and it is our annual dress up day. On this day，students may dress up in fun clothes and there will be a march around the school. Students are reminded not to carry sharp things such as knives and swords. Please make sure that you can see and breathe easily if you wear masks. Parents are invited to watch the event but are asked to stand either in front of the office near the flagpole or in the grassy courtyard，the students will be marching around on the sidewalks. So we do need to keep all sidewalks clear. Parents and friends may also join in the march if they are dressed in appropriate clothes. But if youre just watching，wed like to ask you to stay in one spot to reduce traffic jams. Students who do not wish to take part in the event for religious or other reasons should inform their teacher and they will be allowed to stay in the office until after the event.

　　第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié), 滿分50分）

　　第一節(jié)（共15小題; 每小題2. 5分, 滿分37. 5分）

　　閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

　　A

　　Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard communitys artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages.

　　Light Awash in Watercolor

　　Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light.

　　Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity

　　From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (無脊椎動物) create some of natures most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工藝) materials.

　　Wheel Throwing

　　Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potters wheel. Then create your own masterpiece!

　　Knitting and Pom-Pom Making

　　Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (編織).

　　1. What do we know about ARTS FIRST?

　　A. It is an exhibition of oil paintings. B. It offers art courses for all ages.

　　C. It presents recreational activities. D. It is a major tourist attraction.

　　2. Which program will you join if youre interested in drawing pictures?

　　A. Light Awash in Watercolor. B. Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity.

　　C. Wheel Throwing. D. Knitting and Pom-Pom Making.

　　3. What can you do together with Javier Marin?

　　A. Practice a traditional dance. B. Make handcrafts.

　　C Visit a local museum. D. Feed invertebrates.

　　【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了ARTS FIRST藝術(shù)節(jié)的相關(guān)藝術(shù)展覽和藝術(shù)制作活動，并且邀請熱愛的學生或社區(qū)成員加入。

　　【1題詳解】

　　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities.(我們期待著您的到來，我們將通過表演、藝術(shù)展覽和藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作活動來展示哈佛藝術(shù)界的創(chuàng)造力。)”以及下文的四個小標題“Light Awash in Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”；“Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity(沒有骨氣的藝術(shù)家:無脊椎的創(chuàng)造力)”；“Wheel Throwing (投擲輪子)”和“Knitting and Pom-Pom Making (編織和制作毛絨球)”可推知，ARTS FIRST是提供娛樂活動的。故選C項。

　　【2題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Light Awash in Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”部分中的“Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880 — 1990: Into the Light. (與哈佛藝術(shù)博物館材料實驗室的專家一起了解水彩顏料的材料和質(zhì)量。在即將到來的“1880 — 1990年美國水彩畫：進入光”展覽中，嘗試一下藝術(shù)家們使用的一些繪畫技巧。)”可知，如果對畫畫感興趣，可以參加Light Awash in Watercolor。故選A項。

　　【3題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity (無脊椎藝術(shù)家：無脊椎動物的創(chuàng)造力)”部分中的“Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of History to learn how insects and other Natural invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft materials. (和哈佛歷史博物館的Javier Marin一起學習昆蟲和其他自然無脊椎動物是如何跳舞、啟發(fā)時尚和創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)的。同時用手工材料制作你自己的無脊椎藝術(shù)家。)”可知，參與者能跟Javier Marin一起進行手工制作。故選B項。

　　B

　　Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (聲音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills. They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and youre able to interpret it. If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food. However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mothers attention and be fed.

　　Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger. They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax. However, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future. Thats why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they dont usually like.

　　Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch. Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. This is a very old habit thats been present in all kinds of predators (食肉動物). Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing something that its been in their nature since the beginning of time. So just go along with it!

　　4. What can be learned about cats meowing from the first paragraph?

　　A. Its a survival skill. B. Its taught by mother cats.

　　C. Its hard to interpret. D. Its getting louder with age.

　　5. How does a pet cat assess different situations?

　　A. By listening for sounds. B. By touching familiar objects.

　　C. By checking on smells. D. By communicating with other cats.

　　6. Which best explains the phrase "take. . . up notch" in paragraph 3?

　　A. Perform appropriately. B. Move faster. C. Act strangely. D. Do better.

　　7. What is a suitable title for the text?

　　A. Tips on Finding a Smart Cat B. Understanding Your Cats Behavior

　　C. Have Fun with Your Cat D. How to Keep Your Cat Healthy

　　【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了貓通過叫聲、嗅覺和帶回禮物來表達需求、評估環(huán)境和展示愛意。

　　【4題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (聲音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. (動物可以用很多方式來表達他們的需求。例如，幾乎所有的動物都有獨特的聲音，它們依靠這些聲音來尋求幫助，嚇跑危險的動物或?qū)ふ冶幼o。)”和“Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother’s attention and be fed. (貓寶寶一出生就開始喵喵叫，喵喵叫是為了引起媽媽的注意和被喂食。)”可知，貓叫聲是一種生存技能。故選A。

　　【5題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger. (貓有許多敏銳的感官，但它們的嗅覺令人印象深刻。它們用鼻子來評估周圍的環(huán)境，尋找任何危險的跡象。)”可知，寵物貓通過檢查氣味來評估不同情況。故選C。

　　【6題詳解】

　　詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段劃線詞前半句“Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, (狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取習慣而聞名)”和后句“Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. (許多貓會在外面隨意找到一些東西，并把它們帶給主人。)”可知，狗以取回東西而聞名，但貓可以從外邊找到東西帶回來，因此在這一行為上更上一層樓。短語take ... up a notch是用來形容貓在帶回東西這一行為上做得更好或更出色。故選D。

　　【7題詳解】

　　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.( 動物可以用很多方式來表達他們的需求。)”及全文可知，文章都在介紹和解釋貓的各種行為方式，包括叫聲、嗅覺和帶回禮物的習慣，以及這些行為背后的原因和意義。所以“Understanding Your Cat’s Behavior(了解你的貓的行為)”作為文章標題最為合適。故選B。

　　C

　　The Saint Lukas train doesn’t accept passengers — it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (鄉(xiāng)村) populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions.

　　“People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning,” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions (區(qū)域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia.

　　Russia’s public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.

　　The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (補給). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits.

　　Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train’s equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ”

　　8. How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains?

　　A. It runs across countries. B. It reserves seats for the seniors.

　　C. It functions as a hospital. D. It travels along a river.

　　9. What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk?

　　A. It is heavily populated. B. It offers training for doctors.

　　C. It is a modern city. D. It needs medical aid.

　　10. How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply?

　　A. About a year. B. About ten months.

　　C. About two months. D. About two weeks.

　　11. What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services?

　　A. Appreciative. B. Doubtful C. Ambiguous. D. Cautious.

　　【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. A

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述政府贊助了五輛名為圣盧卡斯的醫(yī)療列車為俄羅斯中部和東部偏遠地區(qū)每年提供為期10個月的巡回醫(yī)療服務(wù)，為鄉(xiāng)村居民提供基本醫(yī)療檢查和治療，改善當?shù)蒯t(yī)療條件。

　　【8題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文章第一段“The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(鄉(xiāng)村)populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. (圣盧卡斯號是五列政府資助的醫(yī)療列車之一，前往俄羅斯中部和東部的偏遠城鎮(zhèn)。每一站平均停留兩天，在此期間，船上的醫(yī)生和護士為農(nóng)村人口提供基本醫(yī)療服務(wù)、X光掃描和處方。)”可知，圣盧卡斯號與其他火車的不同之處在于它是政府資助的醫(yī)療火車，充當醫(yī)院。故選C。

　　【9題詳解】

　　推理判斷題，第三段提到“Russia’s public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctors appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. (俄羅斯的公共衛(wèi)生保健服務(wù)迫切需要現(xiàn)代化。政府一直在努力提出解決這一問題的措施，特別是在伏爾加河以東較貧窮的農(nóng)村地區(qū)，包括通過視頻聊天安排醫(yī)生預(yù)約，擴大財政援助計劃，激勵醫(yī)生到克拉斯諾亞爾斯克等偏遠地區(qū)行醫(yī)。) ”可以推斷，Krasnoyarsk需要醫(yī)療援助，故選D。

　　【10題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第四段“For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (補給). ”(每年有10個月，火車兩周內(nèi)�？看蠹s八個車站，然后返回地區(qū)首府進行補給和重新裝貨。) ”可知，圣盧卡斯號一份補給可以工作大約兩周，故選D。

　　【11題詳解】

　　推斷判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的““I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned, ” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ”(“醫(yī)生和他們的助手在這么小的空間里工作和生活，但仍然保持專注和非常關(guān)注，這給我留下了深刻的印象，”Ducke說。這是許多農(nóng)村人獲得他們想要的治療的最好機會�！�)”可知，Ducke對Saint Lukas的服務(wù)持贊賞的態(tài)度，故選A。

　　【點睛】

　　D

　　“I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them.

　　This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess, I’d pick up a mystery (懸疑小說). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosing what to read became easier.

　　But writing the end — that’s hard. It’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending thats unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters.

　　That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.

　　This issue won’t tell you what your ending should be — that’s up to you and the story you’re telling — but it might provide what you need to get there.

　　12. Why did the author go to Prof. Gracie?

　　A. To discuss a novel. B. To submit a book report.

　　C. To argue for a writer. D. To ask for a reading list.

　　13. What did the author realize after seeing Gracie?

　　A. Writing is a matter of personal preferences.

　　B. Readers are often carried away by character.

　　C. Each type of literature has its unique end.

　　D. A story which begins well will end well.

　　14. What is expected of a good ending?

　　A. It satisfies readers’ taste. B. It fits with the story development.

　　C. It is usually positive. D. It is open for imagination.

　　15. Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims?

　　A. To give examples of great novelists. B. To stress the theme of this issue.

　　C. To encourage writing for the magazine. D. To recommend their new books.

　　【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. B

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章首先通過作者與教授關(guān)于小說結(jié)局的討論引發(fā)了對結(jié)局的思考，接著闡述了不同類型的文學作品結(jié)局的特點，最后提出了寫作好的結(jié)局的重要性并介紹了《Writer’s Digest》雜志如何幫助作家寫出更好的結(jié)尾。

　　【12題詳解】

　　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段““I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor. It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof. Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.( “我不喜歡這個結(jié)局，”我對我最喜歡的大學教授說。那是我大三的時候，我正在做一項關(guān)于維多利亞文學的獨立研究。我剛剛讀完喬治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，讀到結(jié)尾我很傷心。格雷西教授耐心地讓我考慮一下，不要只看我喜不喜歡)”可知，作者去找格雷西教授是為了討論小說。故選A項。

　　【13題詳解】

　　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again. From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess, I’d pick up a mystery (懸疑小說). One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction. Choosing what to read became easier.( 這對我來說是一個頓悟的時刻，我再也沒有想過同樣的結(jié)局。從那時起，如果我想讀一個保證幸福的結(jié)局，我就會選一部愛情小說。如果我想要一個我猜不到的結(jié)局，我會選一本神秘小說。一種是我知道會發(fā)生什么，歷史小說。選擇讀什么變得更容易了)”可知，見過格雷西教授后，作者意識到了每種類型的文學都有其獨特的結(jié)局。故選C項。

　　14題詳解】

　　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“But writing the end—that’s hard. It’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers. You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters.(但是寫出結(jié)局——那很難。對作家來說很難，因為結(jié)局對讀者來說意義重大。你必須平衡創(chuàng)造一個不可預(yù)測的結(jié)局，但這個結(jié)局又不能顯得憑空而來，要適合角色的設(shè)定)”可知，人們對一個好結(jié)局的期望是結(jié)局又不能顯得憑空而來，要適合角色的設(shè)定，也就是符合故事的發(fā)展。故選B項。

　　【15題詳解】

　　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work.( 這就是為什么這期《Writer’s Digest》旨在幫助你找出如何為你正在寫的任何類型的作品寫出最好的結(jié)局。如果是短篇小說，彼得·蒙特福德分解了六種技巧，你可以嘗試看看哪一種能幫助你完美著陸。伊麗莎白·西姆斯分析了五部偉大小說的最后幾章，看看它們包含了哪些關(guān)鍵點，以及你如何將它們應(yīng)用到你的作品中)”可知，作者提到彼得·蒙福德和伊麗莎白·西姆斯是為了強調(diào)這期《Writer’s Digest》的主題，即幫助讀者寫出更好的結(jié)尾。故選B項。

　　【點睛】

　　第二節(jié)（共5小題; 每小題2分, 滿分10分）

　　根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　What is moderation (適度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ But it doesnt mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.

　　Take your time. Its important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.

　　Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. Its more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____

　　Control emotional (情緒的) eating. ____19____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.

　　____20____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陳代謝), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when youre most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.

　　A. Eat properly throughout the day.

　　B. We dont always eat just to satisfy hunger.

　　C. Dont swallow a meal on the way to work.

　　D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.

　　E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.

　　F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.

　　G. That wont lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.

　　【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了，在飲食上注意節(jié)制及其如何節(jié)制的方法。

　　【16題詳解】

　　上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs, You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. (基本上，它意味著只吃你身體需要的食物，你應(yīng)該在用餐結(jié)束時感到滿足，但不要太飽)”指出，進餐時不要吃太飽，吃東西要適量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (但這并不意味著要告別你喜歡的食物)”指出，適量進食不是要放棄吃自己喜歡的食物。F項“對我們許多人來說，節(jié)制意味著比現(xiàn)在吃的少�！苯忉屃撕螢檫m量進食。承上啟下，符合文意，選項中的“means”與下文一致。故選F項。

　　【17題詳解】

　　根據(jù)上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢來。放慢腳步，把食物看作是有營養(yǎng)東西，而不僅僅是會議間隙吃的'東西，這一點很重要)”可推知，本段主要建議讀者吃東西要細嚼慢咽，不要過于急躁。C項“不要在上班的路上急忙吃下一頓飯�！背薪由衔�。符合文意。故選C項。

　　【18題詳解】

　　上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已經(jīng)準備好了不健康的零食，比如餅干，那么適量食用就更具挑戰(zhàn)性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于適度飲食，E項“相反，你應(yīng)該選擇健康的食物�！狈�合文意，建議讀者選擇健康的食物。選項中的“healthy”與上文中的“unhealthy”相對應(yīng)。故選E項。

　　【19題詳解】

　　根據(jù)本段首句“Control emotional (情緒的) eating. (控制情緒化進食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我們中的許多人也會求助于食物來處理不愉快的情緒，如悲傷、孤獨或無聊)”可推知，本段主要建議讀者不要情緒化的進行暴飲暴食，要進行健康飲食。B項“我們吃東西并不總是為了充饑�！敝赋鲇行┤顺詵|西并不總是為了充饑，引出下文有些人通過食物發(fā)泄情緒，符合語境。故選B項。

　　【20題詳解】

　　設(shè)空處位于段首，總結(jié)全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陳代謝), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day, Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. (健康的早餐可以啟動你的新陳代謝，而吃少量健康的食物可以讓你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜進食。盡量早點吃晚飯，禁食14 — 16個小時，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我們在一天中的每個時間段都要健康飲食。A項“全天合理飲食�！狈�合語境。故選A項。

　　第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié), 滿分45分）

　　第一節(jié)（共20小題; 每小題1. 5分, 滿分30分）

　　閱讀下面短文, 從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中, 選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

　　One day, we had a family dinner. While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the ____21____ to help my grandmother wash dishes. ____22____ my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood.

　　Born just before WWII, my grandmother ____23____ an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance to go to ____24____. Like in typical families, where boys were ____25____ much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do ____26____. The only opportunity (機會) she could seize to ____27____ was when her brother was having Chinese ____28____ with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening ____29____. This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down — a skill that has turned out to be quite ____30____, especially whenever we share the newspaper. On most weekends, my grandmother, a young girl then, and her brother would go to the ____31____. There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their ____32____ while they watched all action going on around them. This is something I ____33____ — her ability to open her ____34____ underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed.

　　My childhood is quite ____35____ compared with hers. I am ____36____ that I did not need to ____37____ the hardships like she did. Ive never faced the problem of ____38____. I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to ____39____ to: her stories always make my history textbooks ____40____.

　　21. A. sitting room B. kitchen C. yard D. dining hall

　　22. A. As always B. By the way C. For example D. Here and now

　　23. A. adjusted B. promoted C. achieved D. experienced

　　24. A. work B. school C. court D. press

　　25. A. favored B. tolerated C. trusted D. acknowledged

　　26. A. gardening B. homework C. business D. housework

　　27. A. exercise B. study C. explore D. teach

　　28. A. food B. guests C. lessons D. tea

　　29. A. closely B. directly C. nervously D. freely

　　30. A. professional B. awkward C. simple D. practical

　　31. A. market B. mountain C. beach D. class

　　32. A. secret B. breath C. view D. tongue

　　33. A. admire B. notice C. adopt D. value

　　34. A. hands B. mouth C. eyes D. arms

　　35. A. difficult B. complex C. happy D. similar

　　36. A. grateful B. surprised C. convinced D. regretful

　　37. A. reflect upon B. go through C. ask about D. prepare for

　　38. A. unemployment B. health C. education D. communication

　　39. A. attend B. refer C. lead D. talk

　　40. A. come true B. come round C. come out D. come alive

　　【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者祖母的童年故事，以及作者從故事中得到的感悟。

　　【21題詳解】

　　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當大人們在外面忙于嚴肅的談話時，我一個人留在廚房里幫奶奶洗碗。A. sitting room客廳；B. kitchen廚房；C. yard院子；D. dining hall餐廳。根據(jù)下文“to help my grandmother wash dishes”可推知，此處指作者在廚房洗碗。故選B。

　　【22題詳解】

　　考查副詞短語辨析。句意：一如既往地，我的祖母會給我講她童年的故事。As always一如既往；B. By the way順便說一句；C. For example例如；D. Here and now此時此地。根據(jù)語境，結(jié)合下文“my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood”可推知，此處指作者的祖母經(jīng)常給作者講童年故事，這次一如既往的給作者講她童年的故事。故選A。

　　【23題詳解】

　　考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的祖母出生在二戰(zhàn)前夕，她的童年生活方式與我的完全不同。A. adjusted調(diào)整；B. promoted促進；C. achieved完成；D. experienced經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)下文“an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine”可推知，此處指祖母經(jīng)歷的童年與作者的不同。故選D。

　　【24題詳解】

　　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她沒有機會上學。A. work工作；B. school學校；C. court法院；D. press出版社。根據(jù)下文“The only opportunity she could seize to ____7____ was when her brother was having Chinese ____8____ with the family tutor”可推知，此處在指祖母生活的年代，她是沒有機會上學的。故選B。

　　【25題詳解】

　　考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就像典型的重男輕女的家庭一樣，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家務(wù)。A. favored贊成；B. tolerated容忍；C. trusted信任；D. acknowledged承認。根據(jù)上文“She did not have a chance to go to school. Like in typical families”并結(jié)合語境可推知，此處指作者祖母生活的年代是重男輕女的，所以祖母才不被允許上學。故選A。

　　【26題詳解】

　　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就像典型的重男輕女的家庭一樣，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家務(wù)。A.gardening園藝；B. homework家庭作業(yè)；C. business商務(wù)；D.housework家務(wù)。結(jié)合語境，再根據(jù)上文“my grandma had to stay at home”可推知，此處指作者祖母在家里做家務(wù)。故選D。

　　【27題詳解】

　　考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的學習機會是當她的哥哥和家庭教師一起上語文課的時候。A. exercise鍛煉；B. study學習；C. explore探索；D. teach教學。根據(jù)上文“She did not have a chance to go to school.”以及下文“with the family tutor”可推知，此處指祖母不被允許上學，自己找機會學習。故選B。

　　【28題詳解】

　　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的學習機會是當她的哥哥和家庭教師一起上語文課的時候。A. food食物；B. guests客人；C. lessons課程；D. tea茶。根據(jù)上文“having Chinese”以及下文“with the family tutor”可推知，此處指祖母的哥哥和家庭教師一起上語文課。故選C。

　　【29題詳解】

　　考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她會安靜地坐在長長的餐桌的另一端，仔細地聽著。A.closely仔細地、緊密地；B. directly直接地；C. nervously緊張地；D. freely自由地。根據(jù)上文“The only opportunity she could seize to study was when her brother was having Chinese lessons with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table”可推知，此處指祖母抓住學習機會，仔細地旁聽學習。故選A。

　　【30題詳解】

　　考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這項訓練教會了她把中文倒過來讀和寫——這項技能被證明是非常實用的，尤其是當我們分享報紙的時候。A. professional專業(yè)的；B. awkward令人尷尬的；C. simple簡單的；D. practical實用的。根據(jù)上文“This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down”以及下文“especially whenever we share the newspaper”可推知，此處指祖母學會的技能是非常實用的。故選D。

　　【31題詳解】

　　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在大多數(shù)周末，我的祖母，當時還是個小女孩，和她的哥哥會去海灘。A. market市場；B. mountain山；C. beach海灘；D. class班級。根據(jù)下文“they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater”可推知，此處指祖母和哥哥去海灘玩水。故選C。

　　【32題詳解】

　　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，他們會穿過深水，盤腿坐在水下，屏住呼吸，看著周圍發(fā)生的一切。A. secret秘密；B. breath呼吸；C. view視野；D. tongue舌頭。根據(jù)上文“they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater”可推知，此處指祖母和哥哥在水下屏住呼吸。故選B。

　　【33題詳解】

　　考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我很欽佩她在水下張開嘴，還能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. admire欽佩；B. notice注意到；C.adopt采納；D. value重視。根據(jù)下文“her ability to open her ____14____ underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed”可推知，此處指作者佩服祖母在水里的能力。故選A。

　　【34題詳解】

　　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我很欽佩她在水下張開嘴，還能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. hands手；B. mouth嘴；C. eyes眼睛；D. arms胳膊。根據(jù)上文“open her”以及下文“still sit comfortably on the seabed”可推知，此處指祖母張開嘴在水底坐著。故選C。

　　【35題詳解】

　　考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：與她的童年相比，我的童年相當快樂。A. difficult困難的；B. complex復雜的；C. happy快樂的；D. similar相似的。通讀全文，再根據(jù)“compared with hers”可推知，此處指與祖母的童年經(jīng)歷相比，作者的童年相當快樂。故選C。

　　【36題詳解】

　　考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那樣經(jīng)歷磨難。A. grateful感激的；B. surprised驚訝的；C. convinced深信不疑的；D. regretful后悔的。根據(jù)上文“My childhood is quite happy compared with hers.”可推知，此處指作者很感激自己的童年是快樂的。故選A。

　　【37題詳解】

　　考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那樣經(jīng)歷磨難。A. reflect upon思考；B. go through經(jīng)歷；C. ask about詢問；D. prepare for準備。根據(jù)上文“I am grateful that I did not need”以及下文“the hardships like she did”可推知，此處指作者感激自己不需要經(jīng)歷祖母經(jīng)歷過的那些磨難。故選B。

　　【38題詳解】

　　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我從來沒有遇到過受教育的問題。A.unemployment失業(yè)；B. health健康；C. education教育；D. communication溝通。通讀全文，再根據(jù)上文“She did not have a chance to go to school.”可推知，文章主要講了祖母不被允許上學，沒受過教育的困境，所以此處指作者從來沒有遇到過受教育的問題。故選C。

　　【39題詳解】

　　考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想是我們不同的童年背景讓我的祖母成為了一個交談時令人驚嘆的人：她的故事總是讓我的歷史教科書鮮活起來。A. attend出席；B. refer參考；C. lead 領(lǐng)導；D. talk對話、討論。結(jié)合上文祖母給作者講故事，再根據(jù)上文“makes my grandmother such an amazing person”可推知，此處指祖母的經(jīng)歷使祖母成為了一個交談時令人驚嘆的人。talk to“與某人交談”。故選D。

　　【40題詳解】

　　考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我想是我們不同的童年背景讓我的祖母成為了一個交談時令人驚嘆的人：她的故事總是讓我的歷史教科書鮮活起來。A. come true成真；B. come round蘇醒；C. come out出現(xiàn)；D. come alive變得生動。根據(jù)上文“I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to talk to: her stories always make my history textbooks”可推知，此處指作者祖母的經(jīng)歷和故事豐富了作者的人生，使歷史書上的故事變得生動鮮活，躍然紙上。故選D。

　　第二節(jié)（共10小題; 每小題1.5分, 滿分15分）

　　閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

　　Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____41____ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are ____42____ (treasure) of American heritage (遺產(chǎn)). How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____43____ is now northwestern Wyoming. They ____44____(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.

　　What should ____45____(do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with ____46____ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____47____ all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承諾) to promote the idea at the ____48____ (complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the ____49____ (large) United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.

　　【答案】41. to catch

　　42. treasures

　　43. what 44. were

　　45. be done

　　46. its 47. for

　　48. completion

　　49. largest

　　50. which

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文是說明文。文章講述了美國國家公園的由來，即四個男人發(fā)現(xiàn)了一處非常美的自然風景區(qū)，決定好好保護它以供后人欣賞，并為此做出了許多努力。

　　【41題詳解】

　　考查非謂語動詞。句意：盡管各級都有各種規(guī)模和類型的公園，但國家公園尤其吸引我們的注意，因為它們體積大，種類繁多。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“傾向于做某事”，不定式作賓語，故填to catch。

　　【42題詳解】

　　考查名詞。句意：它們是美國傳統(tǒng)的瑰寶。treasure表示“寶藏”，為可數(shù)名詞，結(jié)合前文they are，應(yīng)用復數(shù)形式，故填treasures。

　　【43題詳解】

　　考查賓語從句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一個涼爽、繁星點點的夜晚，四個男人在火洞河邊的營火前放松，這里現(xiàn)在是懷俄明州的西北部。后文為介詞in的賓語，is前缺主語，指物，主語用what引導賓語從句，作介詞in的賓語，故填what。

　　【44題詳解】

　　考查時態(tài)。句意：他們是一個由15人組成的探險隊的一部分，他們花了近五個星期的時間來見證那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四個男人，時間為1870年，同時聯(lián)系后文had spent的過去完成時可知，本空時態(tài)為過去式且為復數(shù)形式，故填were。

　　【45題詳解】

　　考查被動語態(tài)。句意：對于這樣一個美麗的地方，我們應(yīng)該做些什么呢？主語what指物，與謂語動詞do是被動關(guān)系，情態(tài)動詞should后接be done構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，故填be done。

　　【46題詳解】

　　考查代詞。句意：這個地區(qū)擁有獨特的、令人驚嘆的自然美景，必須作為國家公園保護好，為了所有國家的人都能享受。修飾名詞beauty用形容詞性物主代詞its，故填its。

　　【47題詳解】

　　考查介詞。句意同上。介詞for表目的，表示“為了所有國家的人都能享受”。 故填for。

　　【48題詳解】

　　考查名詞。句意：他們都同意了，并發(fā)誓要在旅行結(jié)束后推廣這個想法。冠詞修飾名詞，本空應(yīng)填名詞作賓語，complete名詞形式為completion，不可數(shù)，故填completion。

　　【49題詳解】

　　考查形容詞最高級。句意：黃石公園是美國最大的國家公園，占地220萬英畝，直到1978年成為國家紀念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗蘭格爾-圣伊萊亞斯在1980年以1230萬英畝的面積作為國家公園獲得這項榮譽。本空前有the，為形容詞最高級標志詞，結(jié)合下文“1978年成為國家紀念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗蘭格爾-圣伊萊亞斯在1980年以1230萬英畝的面積獲得國家公園的榮譽”可知，用large的最高級largest作定語，故填largest。

　　【50題詳解】

　　考查定語從句。句意同上。本空所在句子為定語從句，先行詞為Wrangell-Saint Elias，從句中作主語，指物，引導非限制性定語從句用which，故填which。

　　第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié), 滿分35分）

　　第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題; 每小題1分, 滿分10分）

　　51. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文, 請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤, 每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

　　增加: 在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（^）, 并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

　　刪除: 把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。

　　修改: 在錯的詞下畫一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

　　注意: 1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;

　　2. 只允許修改10處, 多者（從第11處起）不計分。

　　Last week, I saw a program about Chongqing hotpot on TV. I was curious but planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of me. Our fast train was packing with passengers. A attendant gave us some travel brochures about Chongqing. When we arrived, we went straight a famous restaurant and ordered dishes, which tasted greatly. The atmosphere here made the meal all the more enjoyed. Hotpot is meant for families and friends to sit together, dip everything they like this in one pot, and shared friendship and love.

　　【答案】1. but→and

　　2. me→mine

　　3. packing→packed

　　4. A→An

　　5. straight后加 to

　　6. greatly → great

　　7. here → there

　　8. enjoyed →enjoyable

　　9.去掉this

　　10. shared→share

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者看了一個關(guān)于重慶火鍋節(jié)目后和一個朋友去那里一日游的經(jīng)歷。

　　【詳解】1. 考查連詞。句意：我很好奇，和我的一個朋友計劃了一個特別的一日游。前后句之間為順承關(guān)系，所以用并列連詞and。故將but改成and。

　　2. 考查代詞。句意：我很好奇，和我的一個朋友計劃了一個特別的一日游。a friend of mine我的一個朋友。介詞of后接是名詞性物主代詞作賓語。故將me改成mine。

　　3. 考查非謂語動詞。句意：我們的快車上擠滿了乘客。be packed with“擠滿”，pack與train是被動關(guān)系。故將packing改成packed。

　　4. 考查冠詞。句意：一位服務(wù)員給了我們一些關(guān)于重慶的旅游手冊。名詞attendant 發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，所以用不定冠詞an。故將A改成An 。

　　5. 考查介詞。句意：當我們到達時，我們直接去了一家著名的餐館，點了一些菜，味道很好。固定短語go straight to“徑直前往”。故在straight后加 to。

　　6. 考查形容詞。句意：當我們到達時，我們直接去了一家著名的餐館，點了一些菜，味道很好。tasted是系動詞，后接形容詞作表語。故將greatly 改成 great 。

　　7. 考查代詞。句意：那里的氣氛使這頓飯更加愉快。描述剛剛到達的餐館，用there指代上文提到的餐館。故將here 改成 there。

　　8. 考查形容詞。句意：那里的氣氛使這頓飯更加愉快。more后接形容詞形式，在句中作賓語補足語。故將enjoyed 改成enjoyable。

　　9. 考查定語從句。句意：火鍋意味著家人和朋友坐在一起，把他們喜歡的東西放在一個鍋里，分享友誼和愛。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里為定語從句。先行詞為everything，在定語從句中作賓語，省略關(guān)系代詞that，從句中this多余。故去掉this。

　　10. 考查非謂語動詞。句意：火鍋意味著家人和朋友坐在一起，把他們喜歡的東西放在一個鍋里，分享友誼和愛。不定式to后接動詞原形sit ，dip和share，表示目的。故將shared改成share。

　　第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分25分）

　　52. 英語課要求做課堂展示, 請你根據(jù)所給圖片，以Development of Transport in China為題寫一篇發(fā)言稿。

　　注意:

　　1. 詞數(shù) 100 左右;

　　2. 題目和首句已為你寫好。

　　Development of Transport in China

　　From the vehicle of horses to todays convenient transport, Chinese transport has an enormous development.

　　___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　【答案】

　　Development of Transport in China

　　From the vehicle of horses to today’s convenient transport, Chinese transport has seen enormous development. Chinese transport has undergone remarkable transformations, giving the Chinese people access to different ways of travelling.

　　Firstly, shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility, offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips. Secondly, the introduction of high- speed trains has dramatically shortened travel times, making intercity travel faster and more comfortable. Lastly, the proliferation of new energy vehicles underscores China’s dedication to environmental sustainability, reducing reliance on fossil fuels. These developments illustrate China’s journey towards a modern and efficient transportation network that balances convenience with environmental responsibility.

　　In short, China’s transport system is embracing innovation and eco-friendliness.

　　【解析】

　　【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生根據(jù)所給圖片，以Development of Transport in China為題寫一篇發(fā)言稿。

　　【詳解】1.詞匯激活

　　提供：offer→provide

　　極大地：dramatically→tremendously

　　減少：reduce→decrease

　　總之：in short→in a nutshell

　　2.句式拓展

　　簡單句變復合句

　　原句：Firstly, shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility, offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips.

　　拓展句：Firstly, shared bicycles, which offer an affordable and green alternative for short trips have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility.

　　【點睛】【高分句型1】Chinese transport has undergone remarkable transformations, giving the Chinese people access to different ways of travelling.(運用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)

　　【高分句型2】These developments illustrate China’s journey towards a modern and efficient transportation network that balances convenience with environmental responsibility.(運用了that引導的定語從句)

　　1—5 ACBCA 6—10 BBCAB 11—15 ABABC 16—20 ACBCA

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