Unit1
1.Undertake, undertook , undertaken
a.to accept that you are responsible for a piece of work, and start to do it.擔(dān)任， 承擔(dān)， 著手做
He undertook the difficult task willingly.
他開始做新的實(shí)驗(yàn)。 He undertook a new experiment.
b. undertake to do sth./that…答應(yīng)，允諾
to promise or agree to do sth.
He undertook to pay the money back in six months.
他答應(yīng)星期一以前完成這項(xiàng)工作。He undertook that he would finish the work by Monday .
2.analysis, analyses.
a.u.n./c.n. A chemical analysis.
我們仔細(xì)地分析了這個(gè)問題。We made a careful analysis of the problem.
b. In the last/final analysis ,in a word.總之
In the final analysis, money cannot bring happiness
In the final analysis, profit is the motive.
v. We analyzed the causes of our failure.
S3.obvious. Obviously. Easy to notice or understand
He told the teacher an obvious lie.
很顯然，他不是自己做的。It is obvious that he didn’t do it himself.
Obviously he can’t tell the difference between them.
4. Within My house is within 2 miles of the school.
Stay within hearing distance of the house.
我們生活應(yīng)該量入為出。We have to live within our income.
It wasn’t within my power to help her. he analyzed the text in detail
5. Curious, curiously, curiosity.
A .Wanting to know sth. The street was crowded by curious people.
a. Be ~ about+ n. be interested at
Children are curious about everything around them.
b. Be ~to do – want to do sth. very much
I am curious to know what is written in his letter .
c. Be ~ wh- I am curious how he will do it .
B . Strange or unusual.
It is curious that he left without saying goodbye
C . Stop looking around so curiously.
那孩子很渴望知道那箱子里到底裝了什么東西。
The boy was dying of curiosity to know what was in the box.
arouse~/ out of (from)~/ show ~ about
引起~ 出于~ 對于~的
6. Debate, debates, debater.
n. (u.n. c.n.) Open/ close a debate. After much (a long) debate he was chosen captain
of the team.
那個(gè)問題還在討論之中。 The problem is under debate
v. vi. Vt. To discuss formally
We must debate the question with the rest of the members.
他們在討論要不要去海邊。
They were debating whether to go to the seaside or not. The debaters debated for an hour
7. Scan, scanned, scanning n. v.
look at, look through
I scanned the page quickly for her name.
scan a person’s face.端詳某人的臉。
The police scanned the whole area but found no trace of her body.
8. Boundary.
The river forms the boundary between the two states.
我不知道。/那超越我的知識(shí)范圍。 it is beyond the ~ of my knowledge.
9.work on.
they worked on for 2 hours.
The novelist is working on his novel. She works on china daily。她在中國日報(bào)社工作。
His words didn’t work on me
10.Go by. He goes by our front door every day.
11.Engage
1.（常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)）使從事于(in)，使 忙著；
Comrades(who are) ～in mass work Please wait a minute; he is ~d now.
The line is engaged. 2. Be/get engaged to sb 與莫人訂婚 Tom is ~d to Anne.
13.dream of/about. dreamed;dreamt
V. a. 夢見。He sometimes dreams of home.
b. 夢想，想象。He dreamed of success.
I often dreamed of becoming a famous star. I never dreamed that I would see her again.
n.dream a… dream
I dreamed a strange dream last night
14.Disable. Disabled, disability.
v. He was disabled by an accident.
Her illness disabled her from going abroad. n.There are some special chairs for the disabled now.
She is always happy in spite of her disabilities.
15. Seek v. sought, sought. Seeker vi. or vt.
a. ~ (for/after) look for
They sought shelter from the rainb. Try to get. He found it worthless to seek fame.
我們一直在努力提高我們的英語
We are always seeking to improve our English. He sought to deceive his parents but in vain.
c. Ask for
~sb’s advice/ help/ assistance etc.
他征求了他的醫(yī)生的建議。
He sought his doctor’s advice.
Seek out, 找出 be much sought after 非常搶手16. turn out.a. 結(jié)果是 Everything turn out well.
那謠言后來證明是真的。
The rumor turned out to be true. It turned out that two travelers had been killed.
b. produce.這個(gè)工廠一天能生產(chǎn)一千輛汽車。
The factory can turn out 1000 cars a day.
c. Turn off ,turn on ,turn up, turn down turn to, turn over,
17. Observe, observation, observer.
a. look at carefully. Are you interested in observing stars
She observes attentivelyb. Notice
~ +n. I observed a letter on the table
~sb. Doing sth./do sth 他的鄰居看見一個(gè)陌生人進(jìn)了他家。
His neighbor observed a stranger going into his house.
~ that 我發(fā)現(xiàn)有幾個(gè)同學(xué)在睡覺。
I observed that several students were sleeping.
c.( Formal ) to say what you have noticed about a situation.
“It’s a lovely day today” he observed.
He observed that we would probably have snow that afternoon.
d. To follow. we should observe the traffic rules18. Match , to go with.
v.a. Her clothes don’t match her age.
這兩個(gè)家具不搭配。
The two pieces of furniture don’t match.
b.在古典音樂方面沒人能與她相匹敵。
No one can match her in knowledge of classical music.
n. a. I’m going to watch the boxing match tonight.
b. this tie is a good match for your suit.
c. she is more than a match for me.
- she does better than me
d. he struck a match and lighted the candle.
19. Predict , to say sth. will happen or that sth. will happen in a particular way.
It is said that she can predict a person’s future.
能預(yù)言人何時(shí)會(huì)死嗎？
Is it possible to predict when one will die?
Predictable, 可預(yù)言的，predictably果然，如預(yù)料的Predictably, the rain began to fall.
20. What if.
a.表建議。What if we move the picture over there? Do you think it will look better?
b.即使。。。又有什么關(guān)系。
What if he gets angry?
21.Patient. patience
a.adj.~of sth. With sb. He is very patient with the students.
這種工作需要耐心。This kind of work requires much patience
He was patient of hardships. n. People who are ill.
護(hù)士們對待病人很有耐心。The nurses are very patient with the patients
高二英語Unit1語法』
本單元語法重點(diǎn)是掌握不定式在句中充當(dāng)不同成分時(shí)的用法，其實(shí)這在以前有學(xué)過一點(diǎn)了�，F(xiàn)將其簡要整理出來，供同學(xué)們參考。
不定式在句中主要作主語、賓語、表語、定語、賓補(bǔ)、狀語等。
1、 主語：（主－謂－賓）常用it作形式主語。
e.g. It’s our duty to take care of the old.
2、 賓語：（主－謂－賓）常見只加不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：want/wish/hope/manage/ask/offer/promise/pretend
intend/attempt/decide/learn/desire/agree/care/choose/deternmine/expect (不加動(dòng)名詞)
e.g. He refused to make a speech.
3、 表語：（主－系－表）
e.g. His suggestion is to put off the meeting.
4、 定語：（修飾句中名詞）
e.g. The next train to arrive is from Washington.
5、 賓補(bǔ)：（主－謂－賓－賓補(bǔ)）常用的謂語動(dòng)詞有：
allow/ask/encourage/force/get/order/persuade/want
e.g. His mother didn’t allow him to play computer games.
6、 狀語：（有目的狀語和結(jié)果狀語等）
e.g.①I stayed here to see what happened.(目的)
e.g.② Jane hurried to the cinema,only to find that the film had been over.(結(jié)果)
另：不定式的三種形式：
① to do : I hope to be a university student this year.
②to be doing: They seemed to be discussing something important.
③ to have done: I am sorry to have kept you waiting.
Unit2
reliable adj. 可信賴的; 可依靠的； 確定的
They are reliable friends.
reliably adv. 可靠地；確實(shí)地
reliability n. 可靠性；可信賴性
rely on = depend on
fire 的動(dòng)詞用法
1) 解雇，開除The company fired him for not coming to work on time.
(2) 發(fā)射He fired his gun at the big snake.
(3) 點(diǎn)燃It’s difficult for him to fire the wet twigs.
(4)激發(fā)（感情等）The story fired his imagination.
difficulty 表示“難，困難”時(shí)用作不可數(shù)名詞，
表示“難題，難事”時(shí)用作可數(shù)名詞。
elect 只能用于選舉人， 是投票選舉的正式用法。choose 可用于挑選人或物。
select 指精心挑選，多用于物。
Mr. Charles was elected chairman of the education committee.
It’s hard for me to choose from the five pairs.
She selected a pair of socks to match her shoes.
go upThe lift went up to the fourth floor.There is a path going up to the mountaintop.
1.burn down 作為“燒毀”講，可以作為及物動(dòng)詞詞組或不及物動(dòng)詞。
2.burn down 可表示“由于材料不足而火漸弱”3.burn up 也表示“燒盡”“燒光”, 但burn up強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，burn down強(qiáng)調(diào)其破壞性。
4.burn up與burn down意思相反，它表示（火、爐等）燒injure: 指意外事故造成的傷害，可能危及功能發(fā)展。
wound: 指刀、槍、劍傷或戰(zhàn)場上受傷。也指對感情的傷害。
hurt: 指精神上或肉體上的“創(chuàng)傷”“傷害”，作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“疼痛”。
harm: 一般指傷害有生命的東西，常指傷及一個(gè)人的健康、權(quán)利、事業(yè)等。
damage: 主要指對價(jià)值和功能的破壞，多用于無生命的東西，一般還可以修復(fù)。
destroy: 指通過某種有力的或粗暴的手段使之毀滅或無用。一般不能或很難修復(fù)。有時(shí)可用作比喻意義(hope)。
inform sb. of sth. inform sb. that/wh-…inform sb.＋疑問詞＋不定式
They informed us of the time of the meeting. The nurse informed me that visiting hours were over.
relate (to) sb. / sth. 能理解或同情某人（或某事物）Students find it difficult to relate to the life of a scientist.
relate … to …If you relate the results to the cause, you will find things are not that simpleswitch v. 轉(zhuǎn)換，改變He is always switching jobs.present vt. 你將在什么時(shí)候提出報(bào)告？When will you present your report?
政府向醫(yī)院贈(zèng)送了一些車。The government presented cars to the hospitals.
effort n. [U,C]努力；艱難的嘗試；努力的結(jié)果
without effort 毫不費(fèi)力
make an effort to do 努力，盡力
spare no effort to do 不遺余力
make no effort to do
adapt for sth. 使適合于;為…改編(改寫) adapt from sth. 根據(jù)…改寫(改編)
adapt sth./oneself to (do) sth 使…適應(yīng), 適合或習(xí)慣與…be / get / become addicted to sth. / doing sth. 對~成癮/成癖; 癡迷于…..
1) It doesn’t take long to become addicted to these drugs.
2) It’s a pity that her child has got addicted to smoking.
ignore vt. 不理睬；忽視You shouldn’t ignore your father’s advice.
draw attention to sth / doing sth 關(guān)注某事;對…加以注意
draw / attract/ catch one’s attention 引起某人的注意
on all sides = on every side 在各方面, 到處
On all sides we have heard approval of his plan.tolerate v.t. 容忍，忍受，允許
critical adj 批評的;評論的;挑剔的;危急的;關(guān)鍵的 We arrived at the critical moment. Why are you always so critical? The patient’s condition is criticalaffair: 指日常事務(wù)或國家事務(wù) the affairs of state/one’s family
business: 指商務(wù)或正經(jīng)事travel on business
matter: 指麻煩事；常與the連用What’s the matter with you?
event:其所長指國內(nèi)外的大事to cover events in politics
concern vt 與……有關(guān)系，影響；與……有牽連
The traffic accident doesn’t concern him.
He doesn’t concern the traffic accident .
So / As far as I am concerned,……就我而言 As far as I am concerned,the cost of the repair is not my responsibility.
be concerned about / for sb(sth) 關(guān)心，操心
be concerned with sth 為某人（某事）擔(dān)憂；涉及
ìì look up to =respect, admire 尊敬，敬佩
look down on 輕視，看不起
e.g. The young should look up to the old.
年輕人應(yīng)該尊敬老人。
ìì fall in love with 愛上（表示動(dòng)作，不延續(xù)）
e.g. I fell in love with her at first sight.
我對她一見鐘情。
She fell in love with the house as soon as she saw it.
be in love (with) 相愛，喜歡（表示延續(xù)狀態(tài)）
e.g. If you’re really in love with art, you don’t mind hard work
unit3
Prefer v. 更喜歡,偏愛 Preference n. 偏好，優(yōu)先
Prefer + n.(would) prefer to do sth.
Prefer sb/sth to sb/sthPrefer doing sth to doing sth
Would prefer that ClausePrefer to do sth rather than do sth.
Prefer doing sth rather than doing sth.
design n. /v. 設(shè)計(jì);圖象;計(jì)劃;目的;打算;意向
designer n. 設(shè)計(jì)師be designed for sb/sth be designed as sth be designed to do sth
have designs on sb/sth 企圖傷害…;企圖將…占為己有
convenient adj. 方便的,便利的convenience n. 方便，便利
It is convenient for/to sb (to do..)(做…)對…是方便的
If convenient 假如方便的話For (sb’s) convenience 為了..的便利
At one’s convenience 在…便利的時(shí)候
Impress sth on/upon sb 使…銘記…;使想象 impress sth. On/in sth. 在…上/壓/蓋印impress sb. (with sth.) 給予某人深刻印be impressed by/with/at sth 對…印象深刻Give/Create/Leave /make a/an… impression on sb.
Fill up with…Fill… with…Be filled with. Be full of …Be crowded with…He set aside a bit of money every month for old age.
She set aside her book and lit a cigarette.
Let’s set aside our personal feeling.
GrammarThe Past Participle used as Object Complement1.feel, find, hear, notice, see, watch + sb./sth. +done.2.get, have, make, keep, leave +sb./sth. +done3.want, wish, like, order + sb./sth. +(to be) done4.with/without +sb./sth +done2. get, have, make, keep, leave +sb./sth. +done
They kept the door locked for a long time.
Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.
I raised my voice to make myself heard.
They managed to get themselves understood in very simple English.
I have had my bike repaired.
I had my wallet stolen on 3. want, wish, like, order + sb./sth. +(to be) done
He didn’t want such questions (to be) discussed at the meeting.
The manager ordered the work (to be) finished at the end of this week.
I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possible.
Unit 4 A Garden of PoemsI.Language points1.AbsenceHis absence of mind in class made the teacher angry.
His absence made us rather disappointed2.Recommend sb to do sth Recommend doing
Recommend that…(should)à advise, suggest
order, demand3. Apart adv Alice and her husband now live apart.
New York and Tokyo are thousands of miles apart.
Apart from…All the children like music apart from Bobby.
4. most
1. The meeting is going on in a most friendly atmosphere. Compare: Linda is a most warm-hearted girl. Linda is the most warm-hearted girl. 5.call up
1.Your letter calls up the days when we worked together.
2. The song calls up happy memories of my childhood.
Revision: call on, call at, call for
6.stand out If something stand out, it is much better or more important than other things of the same kind.
7.lead to This road leads to the railway station.
Eating too much sugar and fat will lead to health problem. 他的粗心使他喪了命
devote… to Belong to…Pay attention to…contribute to8. Contribute to
The weather contributed to the success of the voyage.
A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health.
9. In comparison with
The tallest buildings in London are smaller
in comparison with those in New York.
Revision:Compare with Compare to
10.Get through
Tom gets through plenty of work in the morning. He got through the novel in one evening.
No matter how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost. Unit 5
1. consist vi.（與of 連用）
由…組成/構(gòu)成，包括(沒有進(jìn)行時(shí), 相當(dāng)于 be made up of ) The medical team consists of 10 members.
3. be made up of
其主動(dòng)形式 make up Our class is made up of 53 students.
50 students make up our class.
The boy made up a story; which was not true.
She made up her face to look prettier. She has been absent for two weeks, so she had a lot of homework to make up. They hurried on to make up for the lost time.
4．mistaken adj. 弄錯(cuò)的be mistaken about sb. / sth. 對……持錯(cuò)誤見解, 把……弄錯(cuò)
mistake sb. /sth. for … 錯(cuò)把……當(dāng)作
5. make the most of :make the best of We should make good use of the good chance.
6. hold together 使．．連在一起／團(tuán)結(jié)一致The country needs a leader who will hold the nation together.7. In general 一般地；大體上；通常
In general, your plan is practical.
8. influence1) n. 影響, 作用；勢力，權(quán)力have (an) influence on / upon/ over對…有影響
2) vt. 影響; 對…有作用/產(chǎn)生影響
I don’t want to influence you, so I won’t tell you my opinion.
9. basis 復(fù)bases -- v. base
What is the basis of your opinion? on the basis of … 在．．．的基礎(chǔ)上
10. Judge
Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man.
n. judgement make a judgement on11. proof v. prove
Do you have any proof that you are innocent.
12. Own I saw it with my own eyes. This house is my own.
He has owned the house for 40 years.
on one’s own 靠自己的力量，獨(dú)自 She lived on her own.
13. employ vt. 雇傭，利用 He employed the girl as a typist.
We should employ English as a common language.
be in the employ of sb.= be in sb’s employ 受雇于．．．
n. employment
14. approach 靠近 vt. : come near
As you approach the town, the first building you see is the church.
著手處理 : deal with We approach the problem.
n. 接近 with the approach of the winter n. 入門, 途徑,通道 an approach to …1.a new approach to language learning
2.All the approaches to the gate were guarded by the policemen.