Unit 4 TV Programmes（1）

第四單元　電視節(jié)目

課文祥解

1. I’m far too busy to go shopping.

　我實在太忙了，沒時間去買東西。

★far用作副詞，意為“很”“非�！�，常修飾形容詞、副詞、比較級或最高級，強調(diào)程度，表示“……很多”。如：

①He’s fallen far behind in his work. 他的工作無遠沒有做完。

②Their room is far larger than yours. 他們的房間比你們的大很多。

③This room is far too warm. 這個房間太熱了。

④He is a man of far sight. 他是一個目光遠大的人。

⑤I’m far too busy to go shopping. 我真的是太忙了，沒時間去購物。

★far用作副詞，意為“遠”“遙遠”“久遠”，指表示空間與時間上的距離。如：

①How far did you go? 你走了多遠？

②He always works far into the night. 他總是工作到深夜。

③The plane is flying far above the clouds. 飛機在云霄上飛。

★far用作形容詞，意為“遠的”“遙遠的”。如：

①I like to travel to a far place. 我喜歡到遠處去旅行。

②She was sitting at the far end of the room. 她坐到房間的那一頭。

③They live in the far south of the city. 他們住在那個城市的南面。

④In the far north, days are short in winter. 在較北的地方，冬日的白天較短。⑤⑥

★as far as意為“與……一樣遠”，強調(diào)到某一地方，as far as還可表示“就……而言”的意思，表示某種程度。如：

①I can’t swim as far as you. 我游不到你那樣遠。

②We walked as far as the station. 我們一直走到火車站。

③I only walk as far as the foot of the mountain. 我僅走到山腳那么遠。

④As far as I know, he will be away for two weeks. 據(jù)我所知，他要離開兩星期。

⑤As far as I know, she’s not coming, but I may be wrong.

就我所知，她不打算來，但我或許會錯。

★so far意為“到目前止”，可以放在句首，也可放在句尾。如：

①So far the weather has been good, but it might change.

直到現(xiàn)在為止，天氣都很好，但也許有變。

②I have been here for three months, and so far I’ve enjoyed myself.

我來這里已經(jīng)有三個月了，我一直過得很愉快。

③I have written to Jim, but I haven’t received his letter so far.

我已經(jīng)給吉姆寫過信了，但到目前為止我還沒有收到他的回信。

2. Then I’ll have lunch and a little sleep between 2 and 7.

然后，在兩點至七點之間我吃午飯并睡會兒。

★between用作介詞，意為“在……和……之間”，常與and連用。如：

①You can sit between him and me. 你可以坐在我和他中間。

②A football match is going on between a Chinese team and a Japanese team.

中國隊和日本隊之間正在進行一場足球賽。

★between強調(diào)在兩者之間，而among一般指三者或三者以上。如：

①There is a picture hanging between the two windows. 兩扇窗戶中間掛著一幅畫。

②The animals usually hide among the trees in the daytime. 野獸白天通常藏在樹林里。

③I couldn’t find him among the crowd. 我在人群里找不到他。

【注】當表示三者以上的事物每兩兩之間時，仍用between。如：

④There is a canal between the three cities. 這三個城市之間有條運河。

⑤Agreements have been made between different countries.

不同的國家之間已達成了協(xié)議。

3. Every one of them has their own favourite TV programme.

他們每個人都有自己最喜歡的電視節(jié)目。

★everyone通常情況下寫成一個單詞，但在后面接一個表示范圍的of短語時，應寫成兩個單詞。如：原句中every one of them。當anyone后面接of時，也寫成兩個單詞，即any one of…。如：

①Every one if the students in the class has passed the exam.

＝All the students in the class have passed the exam.

這個班上的所有的學生都通過了這次考試。

②Every one of the them has their own idea.

他們每個人都有自己的主意。

③Any one of the boys can do what the two grown-ups are doing.

這些男孩中隨便哪一個都能干那兩個成年人在干的活。

④I like all the novels, any one of them.

我喜歡所有這些小說，它們中的任何一本。

★every用作形容詞，表示“每一個”，在句中只作定語，與單數(shù)名詞連用，著重于整體中每個人或事物，即把分散的項目集中成為一個整體來看待，強調(diào)整體。如：

①Every minute is important to us. 每分鐘對我們都是重要的。

②There are TV stations in every big city in China now. 現(xiàn)在中國每個大城市都有電視臺。

③We make experiments in chemistry every day. 我們每天都做化學實驗。

★every與數(shù)字連用，可表示“每……一次的”“每隔……的”。如：

①You must change the oil in the car every 5000 miles.

你必須每行上5000里給汽車換一次油。

②I usually go to my uncle’s every three days(＝every third day).

我通常每三天（每隔兩天）去我叔叔家一次。

★every可與other+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用，表示“每隔……”。如：

①Please write on every other line. 請隔行寫。

②They planted a tree every other meter along the road.

他們在馬路邊每隔一米栽一棵樹。

★each用作形容詞，意為“每個的”，強調(diào)一個群體（至少兩個）中個別的個體。如：

①Each child learns at his/her own plan. 每個兒童均按自己的進度學習。

②There is a tree on each side of the house. 房子兩邊各有一棵樹。

③Each day is better than the one before. 一天比一天好。

★each用作代詞，意為“各個”“每個”，作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。如：

①Each of the houses is slightly different. 每座房子都稍有區(qū)別。

②Each of the students had his own bike. 孩子們各有自己的自行車。

★each放在主語后，作主語（一定是復數(shù)）的同位語時，謂語用復數(shù)。如：

①We each have an orange in the hand. 我們每人手里有一只桔子。

②They each have different opinions about it. 他們對那件事各有不同的意見。

4. on與about

★on用作介詞，意為“關(guān)于”，意味著具有嚴肅的學術(shù)性內(nèi)容。如：

①Have you read the article on France in the newspaper?

你讀過報上那篇關(guān)于法國的文章嗎？

②That book is on an important subject. 那本書是講一個重要的問題。

★about用作介詞，意為“關(guān)于”，是一個普通用詞，強調(diào)一般性和通俗性。如：

①They held a discussion about dinosaurs. 他們舉辦了一次關(guān)于恐龍的討論會。

②He likes watching a TV programme about school life.

他喜歡看有關(guān)學校生活的電視節(jié)目。

5. They are writing their own TV programmes for a writing competition.

他們正在編寫自己的電視節(jié)目來參加一場寫作比賽。

★one’s own用作形容詞，意為“自己的”“特有的”。如：

①That is my own camera. 那是我自己的相機。

②I saw it happen with my own eyes. 我親眼目睹了那件事的發(fā)生

③The orange has its own scent. 桔子有它獨特的香味。

★own用作代詞，意為“自己”。如：

①May I keep it for my own? 我可以把它作為己有嗎？

②I’ll do the work on my own. 我將獨立地工作。

③Why didn’t you tell her to use her own? 為什么你不叫她用她自己的呢？

★on one’s own是一個習慣短語，意為“獨自”“獨立”。如：

①He runs a factory on his own. 他獨立經(jīng)營工廠。

②She still lives on her own. 她仍然獨自一人生活。

★own用作動詞，意為“擁有”“有”，指具有法律上的所有權(quán)，其主語往往是人。如：

①Who owns this land? 這塊地為誰擁有�。�

②He used to own a lot of houses. 他過去擁有好幾處房子。

③His family owned neither land nor house. 他家既無田地又無房子。

6. A weekly round-up of what is happening in sports, with lots of up-to-date information.

體育方面所發(fā)生的事件一周綜述，為你提供大量的最新的體壇信息。

★weekly用作形容詞，意為“每周一次的”“每周的”。如：

①They are doing the weekly cleaning. 他們在進行每周一次的大掃除。

②Have you read the weekly newspaper? 你看過周報了嗎？

★weekly它還可以用作名詞，表示“周刊”，monthly表示“月刊”。如：

①I have subscribed to a weekly. 我已經(jīng)訂了一份周刊。

②This is a monthly magazine. 這是一個月刊。

③Our club has a monthly meeting. 我們俱樂部每月開一次會。

★weekly也可以用作副詞，意為“每周地”。如：

①He receives his wages weekly. 他每周領一次工資。

②Mr. Davies pays me rent weekly. 戴維斯先生每星期付我一次租金。

7. happen的用法小結(jié)

★happen用作不及物動詞，意為“（偶然）發(fā)生”，指具體客觀事物的發(fā)生，往往帶有偶然的意味，其主語往往是物。Happen不用于被動語態(tài)。如：

①This story happened in Shanghai. 這個故事發(fā)生在上海。

②A fire happened in his factory last night. 昨晚那個工廠發(fā)生了火災。

★happen to sb. / sth. 意為“某人/物出了某事”，to為介詞。主語一般是某物。如：

①If anything happens to the machine, do let me know.

假如機器出了什么毛病，務必通知我。

②What has happened to him (=What’s wrong / the matter with him?)

　他怎么了？

③What finally happened to the boy? 這男孩最后怎樣了。

★happen to do sth. 意為“碰巧做某事”，如：

①Her birthday happens to be New Year’s Day. 她的生日碰巧是元旦這一天。

②I happened to be out when you called. 你來訪時我碰巧出去了。

③He happened to be watching TV when his father came home.

　父親回來時，他碰巧晨看電視。

★It happened that + 從句。意為“碰巧……”。如：

①It happened that I saw him yesterday. 昨天我碰巧見到他了。

②It happened that she was thinking of something when the teacher called her.

當老師叫她時，珍妮碰巧在想事情。

③It happened that he had seen the film. 他碰巧看過那部電影了。

【注】happen注意其否定句中否定詞的位置轉(zhuǎn)移。如：“我碰巧身上沒帶錢”可有多種譯法。

　I happened not to have any money with me.

I didn’t happen to have any money with me.

I happened to have no money with me.

It happened that I had no money with me.

It happened that I didn’t have any money with me.

★take place也表示是“發(fā)生”的意思，指事先布置或策劃好，然后發(fā)生，沒有偶然的意思，是不及物動詞詞組，沒有被動語態(tài)。如：

①Great changes have taken place in our city in the past 5 years.

過去的五年里，我們市發(fā)生了巨大變化。

②The October Revolution took place in 1917.

十月革命發(fā)生在1917年。

③Great changes have taken place in my hometown since 1980.

自從1980年以來，我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了很大的變化。

④He asked me whether the sports meet would take place the next week.

他問我運動會是否在下星期召開。

8. up-to-date的用法

★up-to-date是復合形容詞，意為“現(xiàn)代的”“新式的”“最新的”。如：

①This book is up-to-date. 這本書是最新的。

②The equipment here is really up-to-date. 這里的設備很新式的。

★out of date意為“過期的”“過時的”。如：

①Her clothes are about ten years out of date. 她的衣服已經(jīng)過時十年了。

②This information is out of date. 這資料已經(jīng)過時了。

9. The programme covers different sports, such as basketball, swimming, badminton and football.

本節(jié)目涵蓋了不同的體育項目，諸如籃球、籃球、游泳、羽毛球和足球。

★cover用作動詞，意為“包含”“包括”“涉及”。如：

①The lectures covered a lot of subjects. 這些講座涉及的內(nèi)容極為廣泛。

②The survey covers all aspects of the business. 調(diào)查包括這個企業(yè)的各個方面。

③The exhibition covers an area of 5,000 square metres.

展覽會展出面積為5,000平方米。

★cover用作動詞，也可以“蓋”“遮蓋”。如：

①Flood water covers our fields. 洪水淹沒了我們的田地。

②Lies cannot cover up facts. 謊言掩蓋不了事實。

③Please cover the bowl with a piece of paper. 請用紙把碗蓋上。

④A passing lorry covered us in mud from head to foot.

一輛馳過的卡車濺了我們一身泥。

★cover用作動詞，意為“報道”“（記者）采訪”。如：

①He is covering the sports meeting. 他正在報道運動會的情況。

②He was sent to cover the traffic accident. 他被派去采訪了那起交通事故。

★cover用作動詞，還可表示“行過”“走過（路程）”。如：

①They covered three hundred miles that day.

那一天他們走了三百英里。

②He wants to cover 100 miles before it gets dark.

他想在天黑之前走100英里。

③I covered 10 miles today. I never guessed that I could walk that far.

我今天走了10英里路，我從沒想過我能走那么遠。

★be covered with意為“覆蓋”“遮蓋”，表示一種狀態(tài)。如：

①The ground is covered with snow. 地上覆蓋著雪。

②The trees are covered with fruit. 樹上結(jié)滿了水果。

③The table is covered with dust. 桌子上都是灰塵。

★cover也可作名詞，表示“蓋子”“罩”“封面”。如：

①The cover of a pot is called a lid. 蓋壺的蓋子叫作壺蓋。

②My book needs a new cover. 我的書需要一個新封面。

③He always reads the paper from cover to cover. 他總是把報紙從頭到尾看一遍。

10. However, if you are not a football fan, you might find this week’s programme a bit boring.

然而，如果你不是一個足球迷，那么你可能會覺得本周的節(jié)目有點乏味。

★原句中的a bit boring是謂語動find的賓語補足語。find可接多種形式的賓語補足語。如：

①You will find it a difficult book. 你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這是本很難的書。（名詞）

②He found