It 的用法

1．it作代詞

(1)在答語中替代this或that。如：

-What's this？

-It's a frog.

(2)指已提到過的物體。如：I've lost it on my way home.(

（3)指情形、行為等。如：

Jack is ill. Have you heard about it?

(4)指人（不明的人或嬰兒）。如：

Who is it?

(5）指天氣、溫度、時間、距離等。如：

It is raining. It's very hot. It's five o'clock.

2.引導詞it

(1）作形式主語。如：

It is difficult to understand the passage.

It is no use trying.

It is said that the meeting will be put off.

4)It+take+(sb.) some time / some money+to do sth. 例如:

It will take them more than ten years to complete the Three Gorges Dam.

5)It+be+said / reported / told等+that-clause. 例如:

It is said that he will leave for Beijing tomorrow.

6)It+vt.+sb.+that-clause. 例如:

It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.

[原題再現(xiàn)]

①________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

A. There B. This C. That D. It

② In fact________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.

A. this B. that C. there D. it

答案: ① D ② D

（2）作形式賓語。如：

He feels it his duty to help others.

We thought it no use doing that.

They want to make it clean to the public that they do an important and necessary job.

他們要使公眾明白他們做的是一項重要的而且必要的工作.

1) S.+vt.+it+adj. / n.+(for sb.) to do sth. 例如:

Do you think it possible for them to send an engineer there?

2) S.+vt.+it+adj. / n.+doing sth. 例如:

You must find it exciting working here.

3) S.+vt.+it+adj. / n.+that-clause. 例如:

I think it a pity that you didn't try harder.

[原題再現(xiàn)]

Don't ________that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.

A. take as granted B. take this for granted

C. take that for granted D. take it for granted

答案: D

(3）構成強調句。如：

It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning.

今天早晨，就是在街上我看見李明。

[原題再現(xiàn)]

________was in 1979________I graduated from university.

A. That; that B. It; that C. That; when D. It; when

答案: B

(4）構成特殊句式。如：

It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow.

【練習】

（1）There is a photo on the wall.____＿the photo of Lei Feng.

A. It B. Its C. It's D. He（高考，1980)

（2) Is＿necessary to tell his father everything?

A. it B. that C. what D. he (MET1987)

(3) Is＿possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?

A. now B. man C. that D. it

(4) I consider____ my duty to help you．

A. it B. this C. that D. its

（5) Three hundred thousand dollars__＿found because the thief dropped __ while getting away.

A. was; it B. is; it C. are; them D. were; them

答案：(1)C (2)A (3)D (4)A．(5)A

I．I like＿in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.（2004全國I）

A. this B. that C. it D. one

2. -Do you like___ here?

-Oh，yes. The air，the weather，the way of life. Everything is so nice.（2004全國II）

A. this B. these C. that D. it

3．The Parkers bought a new house but____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.

A. they B. it C. one D. which

4. I hate___ when people talk with their mouths full.

A. it B. that C. these D. them

5.Joan had often heard____ said that Marley had no money.

A. it B. this C. that D. one

6. It was at four o'clock in the afternoon____ he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan.

A. while B. that C. when D. as

答案：CDBAAB

三、it, one和that作替代詞的用法及區(qū)別

it, one和that雖然都可以用來替代前面所提到的一個單數(shù)名詞,以避免重復,但在具體用法上卻有不同。簡述如下:

1. it代替前面提到的同一事物,該事物既可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。

[原題再現(xiàn)]

The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ________?

A. did they B. didn't they C. did it D. didn't it

答案: D

2. one代替前面提到的同類事物中的一個。該事物只能是可數(shù)名詞,前面可以有冠詞,也可以被this、that或形容詞修飾,其后也可以有定語。

[原題再現(xiàn)]

-Why don't we have a little break?

-Didn't we just have________?

A. it B. that C. one D. this

答案: C

3. that代替前面提到的同類事物中特指的一個。該事物既可以是可數(shù)名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞,要有后置定語,但不可以有前置修飾語。

[原題再現(xiàn)]

Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.

A. some B. any C. that D. those

答案: C

Ⅰ.單項填空

1．Carol said the work would be done by October, _____ personally I doubt very much.

A. it B. that C. when D. which

2．-Why don't we take a little break? -Didn't we just have____?

A. it B. one C. that D. this

3．I hate_____ when people talk with their mouths full.

A. it B. that C. these D. them

4．______is well-known to all that Hong Kong has returned to China.

A. Which B. It C. That D. As

5．-______has just come in? -It's Mr. Green, our headmaster.

A. Who is that B. Who that is

C. Who's it that D. Who it is

6．_____that they may be invited.

A. They wished B. It is hoped

C. That is expected D. What they hope

7．The manager didn't feel like _____ whether he would attend the meeting the next morning.

A. making it clear B. make that clear

C. to make it clear D. making this clearing

8．_____I was free that evening.

A. It happened to B. It happened that

C. That happened D. It was happened that

9．He said, "_____a long way to school. _____ a long way to go before we arrive."

A. It is; It is B. There is; It is

C. It is; There is D. There is; There is

10．Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but ______ didn't help.

A. he B. which C. she D. it　

11．They say that _____doesn't make any difference my being there.

A. there B. that C. it D. he

12．I hope there are enough chairs for each guest to have_____.

A. it B. one C. those D. them

13．We saw the hill, and _____used to be a factory.

A. in front of which, there B. in front of it, it

C. at the foot of it, there D. at the foot of which, it

14．Your idea is very good. Don't _____.

A. give up it B. give it up C. give in it D. hasn't it

15．When they will start hasn't been decided yet,______?

A. will they B. won't they C. has it D. hasn't it　

答案：

1-5 D B A B C 6-10 B A B C D 11-15 C B C B C

1. Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?　　　　　　　

A. that　 B. while　　 C. in which　 D. then (88)

2. Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?

A. this　　 B. that　 C. it　　　　　 D. he (89)

3. I don’t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.　　　　　　

　 A. this　　　B. that　　　　 C. its　　　 D. it　　　　(91)

4. Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?

A. this　 B. that　 C. he　　　　　 D. it (91)

5. It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.　　

A. when, that B. until, that C. until, that D. when, then (92)

6. I was disappointed with the film . I had expected ______ to be much better.

A. that　　　　 B. this　　　　　 C. one　　　　 D. it (93)

7. It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.

A. while　　　 B. which　　　　 C. that　　　　 D. since (94)

8. ______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

A. There　　　 B. This　　　　　 C. That　　　 D. It (95)

9. It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.

A. until　　　 B. that　　　　　 C. then　　　 D. so (97)

10. I hate _____when people talk with their mouths full.

A. it　　　　 B. that　　　　　C. these　　 D. them (98)

11. It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.

A. one　　　　 B. that　　　　　 C. what　　　　 D. it (2000)

12. I’d appreciate _____ if you would turn the radio down.

A. that B. it C. this D. you

KEYS:　 1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11--12 BB