一、考點(diǎn)精析與拓展
1.die out 熄滅;絕種;逐漸消失。如:
①The fire died out .火滅了。
②That talkative man’s voice died out.那個(gè)健談的人的聲音漸漸地聽(tīng)不見(jiàn)了。
2.the + 形容詞(分詞)表示一類(lèi)人的用法。
常見(jiàn)的短語(yǔ)有:
the old(young; rich; poor; learned; living…).如:
The living should carry out what the dead unfinished.
活著的人(后人)應(yīng)該把前人未競(jìng)事業(yè)進(jìn)行到底。
3.no more than①(=noly)僅僅,不過(guò)。②兩者都不。如:
①What can I do, I’m no more than a citizen.
我能怎么樣,我只不過(guò)是個(gè)平民百姓。
②Tom is no cleverer than Jack.湯姆和杰克都不聰明。
但是:not more than 表示A 不如B(……)或不超過(guò)。如;
①M(fèi)y English is not better than yours.
我的英語(yǔ)不如你的好。
②I think you are not more than twenty years old.
我想你不滿(mǎn)二十歲吧。
4.關(guān)于there be句型:①是一種倒裝句式,be后的主語(yǔ)要和be在數(shù)上保持一致。如:
There is a pen, two books and some other things on the table.桌上有一支筆,兩本書(shū)和一些其他的東西。
②there be句型有完成式there have(has)been;有將來(lái)式there is
going to(will)be。
③there be句型中可加情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。如:
I am sure there used to be a shop near here.我肯定在這附近以前有家商店。
④there be句型中有的be,還可以用其他詞表示“有、存在”,there live(一般跟人,有……一個(gè)人),there stand(指物,樹(shù)、高樓之類(lèi)),there lie(物,如一片土地等)。如:
There stand many tall buildings in our school and there lies a large wheat field in front of it.
我們學(xué)校里聳立著許多高樓,校門(mén)口是一大片麥田。
5.insist表示“堅(jiān)持要求(某人或主語(yǔ)本身)干某事!保籹uggest 表示“建議”,以及order, demand, request, advise…,這些動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式。
即主語(yǔ)+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形+……,should?墒÷。如:
He insisted that he(should)be sent to the poorest place to work。他堅(jiān)持要求派他去最貧窮的地方工作。
agree with sb.(sth:表意見(jiàn)、看法等的名詞)
6. agree to sth.(表示安排、計(jì)劃之類(lèi)的詞)
agree on sth.(一般表示原雙方共同商討以后達(dá)成協(xié)議的名詞)]
如:I don’t agree with you to this arrangement, but perhaps, after a discussion we will agree on this project.
我不贊同你在這件事的安排,但或許在協(xié)商之后我們可以就這個(gè)工程達(dá)成共識(shí)。
7.①be fit for適合于
This job is fit for you.這份工作適合你干。
②主語(yǔ)+be + fit + to do sth.如:
Nobody is fit to take his place.沒(méi)有合適的人接替他。
③(物,衣物之類(lèi))+fit+sb.表示衣帽之類(lèi)適合某人,合身。
The shirt does not fit me well.這件襯衫不太合我的身。
8.in place/out of place在原處;在合適的位置。
①You should keep everything in place.(=in order)
你應(yīng)該把所有的東西都放好。
②What you said is somewhat out of place.你的話(huà)有些離譜了。
9.lose one’s sight(way; life; work;reason)分別表示:失明;
迷路;犧牲;失業(yè);失去理智等。如:
His son lost his life in the fighting.他兒子在戰(zhàn)斗中犧牲了。
10.put sb. to the trouble(of doing sth.)給某人添麻煩,使某人為做某事而為難,trouble是不可數(shù)名詞。如:
They didn’t want to put me to the trouble of meeting them at the station.他們不想麻煩我去車(chē)站接他們。
11.be after追尋;追捕;找……
12.do sb. a favour或do a favour for sb.給某人幫個(gè)忙,如果有to do sth.則常用。
do sb.the favour to do sth.如:
①I(mǎi) wonder if you can do me a favour?我不知道你能不能幫我個(gè)忙?(沒(méi)有說(shuō)干何事)
②Please do me the favour to open the door, I want to go
out.
麻煩你給我開(kāi)一下門(mén),我要出去。
13.very當(dāng)形容詞用時(shí),意思為“正是,恰好是……”如果有定語(yǔ)從句則常用that 引導(dǎo)。如:This is the very book(that)I’m after.這正是我要找的書(shū)。
14.make…to one’s own measure“依照某人的尺寸做……”如:
This coat is made to you own measure,I’m sure it will fit you nicely.這件大衣是你訂做的,我想肯定很合身。
to當(dāng)介詞用,“依照、按照”如:
She is dancing to the music.她在隨音樂(lè)節(jié)拍跳舞。
15.depend on(=rely on)依靠;依賴(lài);以……而定;取決于……。如:
①Whether you will succeed or not depends on how hard you
work.你是否成功得看你努力的程度。
②I don’t want to depend on my parents any longer.我不想再依賴(lài)父母了。
16. do up 收拾(東西)。整理、梳裝打扮、系(扣)好……
①He was so hurried that he did up his buttons wrongly.
他太著急了以致于扣錯(cuò)了紐扣。
②She spent a long time doing up her hair.她花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間把頭盤(pán)起來(lái)。
二、精典名題導(dǎo)解
題1 (NMET 1999)
They not only make it difficult to sleep at night , but they are__________damage to our houses, and shops of historical interest.
A.doing B.raising C.putting D.producing
分析:A。該題考查固定搭配。do damage to對(duì)……造成損壞。
題2 (NMET 1994)
The first text books__________ for teaching English as foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A.having written B.to be written
C.being written D.written
分析:D。write 與the first textbooks之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系,表結(jié)果。
題3 (NMET 1996)
___________in thought , he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A.Losing B.Having lost C.Lost D.To lose
分析:C。大多數(shù)過(guò)去分詞含有“被動(dòng)”和“完成”雙重意義,有的過(guò)去分詞只含有“完成”意義,有的則“被動(dòng)”“完成”意義均沒(méi)有。be lost in 意為“全神貫注”,它既無(wú)“完成”意義,又無(wú)“被動(dòng)”意義,為一個(gè)固定詞組。
題4 (上海2002)
Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases________only to people with specific knowledge.
A.being known B.having been known
C.to be known D.known
分析:D。本題考查的是過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)的用法。known相當(dāng)于that are known .
題5 (NMET 1993)
In some parts of the world, tea________ with milk and sugar.
A.is serving B.is served C.serves D.served
分析:B。serve意為“上菜、開(kāi) 飯、斟酒”是及物動(dòng)詞。
題6 (上海 2002)
-You forgot your purse when you went out.
-Good heavens,__________.
A.so did I B.so I did C.I did so D.I so did
分析:B。so sb.do(does),表示“確實(shí)那樣做了”之意。而so do sb.表示“某人也那樣做了”之意。