第一課
一、試卷分析
近幾年的NMET的閱讀理解考項(xiàng)中總有一些考題要測(cè)試考生根據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)猜 出生詞詞義或舊詞具有新意的能力。例如：
1. Which of the following words can take the place of the word "career" in the first paragraph ? (92)
2. The word "he" in the last sentence refers to ______.[NMET92 80]
3. The word "yielded" in the last sentence means _______. [NMET93 73]
4. The underlined phrase "make out" in the first paragraph means ______. [NMET94 70]
5. The underlined words "geothermal energy" in the third paragraph mean ___. [NMET94 78]
6. The underlined word "family" in the second paragraph means _____. [NMET95 71]
7. The underlined word "they" in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to ____ [NMET96 59]
8. The underlined word "leg" in "Bicycle tour and race" probably means _____. [NMET96 68]
9. The underlined phrase "figure out" in the text means _____. [NMET97 54]
10. The underlined word "one" refers to _____. [NMET97 68]
11. "Act your age" means people should _____. [NMET97 69]
12. The words "Youth Summit" refer to ______. [NMET98 55]
13. When the writer says "Dick Spivak is just an ordinary man", he means _____. [NMET98 58]
14. What did Cory Luxmoore mean when he said "I'm on high"? [NMET99 55]
15. The underlined word "it" in the second paragraph refers to the idea that Computertowns (99)
16."Professional work" used in the text means _______. [NMET99 69]
17. Which of the following can be used in place of "Quite the reverse"?[NMET2000 61]
18. Spundels and ballalators are used in the text to refer to _________.[NMET2000 65]
由此可見(jiàn)，高考對(duì)考生推測(cè)詞義的能力是非常重視的。這就要求我們?cè)陂喿x時(shí)要通過(guò)上下文交代的內(nèi)容做出合乎邏輯的推理。在必要時(shí)，做些語(yǔ)法分析，通過(guò)詞與詞的關(guān)系，確定其詞性；有時(shí)根據(jù)常識(shí)和生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)或構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)，完全可以對(duì)那些從未見(jiàn)過(guò)的生詞的詞義做出正確的推測(cè)。
一般說(shuō)來(lái)，這種題型的題干部分總含有mean, refer to的字樣。做這種題時(shí)，特別要注意的是，對(duì)于那些我們熟悉的詞千萬(wàn)不要妄自、草率下結(jié)論，一定要結(jié)合上下文判斷它在文中的意思。例如95年的71題：The underlined word "family" in the second paragraph means _____.
A. home B. children C. wife and husband D. wife and children
"family"是我們很熟悉的詞了，意為“家庭”，但以這個(gè)意思理解family的話，我們就無(wú)法選擇答案了。但是，如果我們結(jié)合上下文“The baker, with his wife and family, was able to get out through a window in the roof.”就很容易看出family其實(shí)指的是"children子女"，所以答案應(yīng)該是B。
因此，考生不僅要知道常用詞的意思，更要知道其靈活變化的意思。 在閱讀理解測(cè)試中，常見(jiàn)的考查這種技能的題型有：
1． The word "..." in line ... most nearly means _____.
2． The word "..." in line ... probably means _____.
3． In line ..., the word "..." refers to _____.
4． In line ..., the word "..." could best be replaced by which of the following?
5． The word "..." as used in line ... in this passage means _____.
6． The word "..." as used in line ... is closest in meaning to ____.
7． In line ..., "..." could properly be replaced by ____.
8． By "...", the author means _____.
二、基本訓(xùn)練
In America, where labor costs are so high, "do-it-yourself" is a way of life. Many people repair their own cars, build their own garages, even remodel their own houses. Soon they may also be writing their own books. In Hollywood there is a company that publishes children's books with the help of computers. Although other book companies also publish that way, this particular company is very unusual. It "personalizes" the books by having computer make the reader the leading character in the story. Here is how they do it. Let us say your child is named Jenny. She lives on Oak Drive in St. Louis, has a dog named Spot, a cat named Tabby, and three playmates whose names are Betsy, Sandy, and Jody. The computer uses this information to fill out a story that has already been prepared and illustrated（配上插圖）. The story is then printed with standard equipment as a hard- cover book. A child who receives such a book might say, "This book is about me." Therefore the company calls itself the "Me- Books Publishing Company". Children like the me- books because they like to see in print their own names and the names of their friends and pets. But more important, "personalization" had been found to be an important tool in developing enthusiasm for reading.
Question: Here "fill out a story" means ______.
A. complete a story B. make full a story
C. tell a story D. invent a story
三、高考實(shí)戰(zhàn) （1996年高考閱讀試題）
We walked in so quietly that the nurse at the desk didn't even lift her eyes from the book. Mum pointed at a big chair by the door and I knew she wanted me to sit down. While I watched mouth open is surprise, Mum took off her hat and coat and gave them to me to hold. She walked quietly to the small room by the lift and took out a wet mop. She pushed the mop past the desk and as the nurse looked up, Mum nodded and said, "Very dirty floors. "
"Yes, I'm glad they've finally decided to clean them, "the nurse answered. She looked at Mum strangely and said, "But aren't you working late?"
Mum just pushed harder, each swipe(拖一下)of the mop taking her farther and farther down the
hall. I watched until she was out of sight and the nurse had turned back to writing in the big book.
After a long time Mum came back. Her eyes were shining. She quickly put the mop back and took
my hand. As we turned to go out of the door, Mum bowed politely to the nurse and said, "Thank you."
Outside, Mum told me, "Dagmar is fine. No fever. "
"You saw her, Mum?"
"Of course. I told her about the hospital rules, and she will not expect us until tomorrow. Dad will
stop worrying as well. It's a fine hospital. But such floors! A mop is no good. You need a brush."
51. When she took a mop from the small room what Mum really wanted to do was .
A. to clean the floor B. to please the nurse
B. to see a patient D. to surprise the story-teller
52. When the nurse talked to Mum she thought Mum was a .
A. nurse B. visitor
C. patient D. cleaner
53. After reading the story what can we infer about the hospital?
A. It is a children's hospital.
B. It has strict rules about visiting hours.
C. The conditions there aren't very good.
D. The nurses and doctors there don't work hard.
54. From the text we know that Dagmar is most likely
A. the story-teller's sister B. Mum's friend
C. the story-teller's classmate D. Dad's boss
55. Which of the following words best describes Mum?
A. strange B. warm-hearted
C. clever D. hard-working
When you want to see if a library has the book you want, you can use the catalogue(目錄)in the
library. Most catalogues of books in a library take the form of small cards kept in boxes. One way of arranging(排列)the cards is in ABC order by the family names of the writers.
Catalogue cards usually give the following important information:(1)the name of the writer, (2)the
shelf-mark(架號(hào)), that is, the Dewey number which helps people to find where the books are, (3)the title of the book, (4)the year of publication and the publisher, and (5) the number of pages in the book.
56. If you know the title of a book and want to find out if it is in the catalogue, what else do you need to
know?
A. The shelf-mark. B. The name of the writer.
C. The Dewey number. D. The year of publication.
57. Which of the following is the kind of catalogue card described in the text?
Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, unless they hunt them for
food. Sometimes, however, two kinds of animals come together in a partnership(伙伴關(guān)系)which does good to both of them. You may have noticed some birds sitting on the backs of sheep. This is not because they want a ride, but because they find easy food in the parasites (寄生蟲(chóng))on sheep. The sheep allow the birds to do so because they remove the cause of discomfort. So although they can manage without each other, they do better together.
Sometimes an animal has a plant partner. The relationship develops until the two partners cannot
manage without each other. This is so in the corals(珊瑚)of the sea. In their skins they have tiny plants which act as "dustman", taking some of the waste products from the corals and giving in return oxygen which the animal needs to breathe. If the plants are killed, or are even prevented from light so that they cannot live normally, the corals will die.
58. Some birds like to sit on a sheep because .
A. they can eat its parasites
B. they depend on the sheep for existence
C. they enjoy travelling with the sheep
D. they find the position most comfortable
59. The underlined word "they" in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to.
A. birds and parasites B. birds and sheep
C. parasites and sheep D. sheep, birds and parasites
60. It can be learnt from the text that the coral depends on the plant for .
A. comfort B. light
C. food D. oxygen
61. What does the second paragraph mainly discuss?
A. Some animals and plants depend on each other for existence.
B. Some animals and plants develop their relationship easily.
C. Some plants depend on each other for food.
D. Some animals live better together.
In the 19th century England people liked to go to the seaside. In those days, ladies wore long
bathing dresses, and men wore bathing suits. Women did not walk about on the beach(沙灘) in their bathing dresses. They hired a bathing machine. A bathing machine was used for changing in, and for taking the bather down to the sea. It cost 2 pence(便士) to hire a machine and an attendant(侍者). When she had paid, the bather climbed up the back steps and got into the bathing machine. Then she changed into her bathing dress. When she had changed, the machine was pulled down to the sea. The bathing machine stopped in the water and the bather went down the front steps into the water. If she did not want to get into the sea, the attendant pulled her in.
62. A 19th century English lady bathing in the sea would wear something like:
63. Who used the bathing machine?
A. Women bathers.
B. Both men and women bathers.
C. Bathers who couldn't swim.
D. Bathers who couldn't walk.
64. A bathing machine was mainly used for .
A. giving the bather a pleasure ride on the beach
B. giving the bather some exercise before getting into the water
C. protecting the bather from catching cold from the sea wind
D. protecting the bather from being seen in a bathing dress out of water
65. In 19th century people who used the bathing machine usually did the following things. Which is
the right order for doing them?
a. Changing into bathing clothes b. Getting out of the bathing machine
c. Paying 2 pence d. Getting into the bathing machine
e. Being taken down the beach f. Getting into the water
A. e, d, a, b, f, c B. c, d, a, e, b, f
C. c, d, e, a, b, f C. d, a, e, b, f, c
EVENTS(賽事)
Bicycle tour(旅行)and race
A bike tour and race will be held on August 26 and 27(Sat. & Sum. ). At 5:30am, the riders will
leave Tian'anmen Square and ride the first 35 kilometres as a training leg. Then the next 55 kilometre leg, from Yanjiao to Jixian, will be the first competitive(競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的)part of the tour. The riders and their bikes will then be taken from Jixian to Changli.
The second racing leg of the tour will be from Changli to the seaside of Nandaibe, covering a
distance of 20 kilometres. Saturday night includes the stay at Nandaihe and supper. Sunday morning is free for play at the seaside. At noon all the people and their bikes will be taken back to Beijing.
Cost:200 yuan Telephone:4675027
Brazilian footballers
The Brazilian Football Club will play Beijing Guo'an Team at the Workers Stadium on August 26.
The club has four national team players . Also coming is 1994 US World Cup star Romario who has promised to play for at least 45 minutes.
Ticket prices:60,100,150 yuan
Time/Date:4:30 pm, August 26(Sat. ) Telephone:5012372
Rock climbing
The Third National Rock Climbing Competition will be held on August 26-27 at the Huairou
Mountain-climbing Training Base. More than 10 teams from Beijing, Wuhan, Dalian, Jilin and other places will take part in it. A Japanese team will give an exhibition climbing. Free for spectators(觀眾).
Take a long-distance bus from Dongzhimen to Huairou.
Time/Dates:9-12 am, August 26 and 27
Telephone:7143177, 7144850, Wang Zhenghua
66. The main purpose of announcing the above events is to give information about .
A. visiting teams B. famous players
C. things to do for the weekend D. prices to pay for the sports events
67. If you take part in the bike tour, you will ride for .
A. 35 kilometres B. 55 kilometres
C. 75 kilometres D. 110 kilometres
68. the underlined word "leg" in "Bicycle tour and race" probably means .
A. race B. practice
C. part of the training D. part of the tour
69. What is special about the rock climbing competition?
A. A foreign team takes part in it.
B. You can watch it without paying.
C. You don't have to be a sportsman to take part.
D. The bus trip to the place of the competition is free.
70. If you want to find something to do for Saturday afternoon, which telephone number will you call?
A. 4675027 B. 7143177
C. 5012372 D. 7144850
四、 能力測(cè)試
Building a house costs quite a lot of money. Suppose you plan to build a house. Your first step will be to find a right piece of land. Your choice will depend on many different things. You will probably try to find a sunny place, with pleasant surroundings（環(huán)境）near shops and bus stops, not too far from your friends and the place where you work.
Next you will find an excellent builder, and together with the builder you will work out a plan. The builder will draw the plan. It will show the number of rooms, their position and size, and other parts which must be noticed, such as windows, doors, and electric outlets. The builder will work out how much money is needed to build your house. He will work out the cost of the wood, bricks, the glass, and everything else that must be used in building the house. Later on, when he starts to build, this estimate（預(yù)算）must be corrected and revised（修正. His estimate is based on existing prices, but prices of such things may change, and many other things may happen between the time when he makes the estimate and the time when he builds the house.
When the builder gives his estimate, you may wish to change your plan. (You may also wish to change your builder, if his estimate is too high!) You may find that some of the features（特征）you wanted as first cost too much, or that you can spend a little more and add something to your plan. The builder's estimate depends on the plan, but the final plan depends on the builder's estimate.
1． The best title of this passage is _____.
A. Building a House Costs Much Money
B. Estimate Is Important
C. Planning a House
D. Depend on the Builder
2． The first thing for a person to build a house is _____.
A. to get as much money as possible
B. to find a suitable piece of land
C. to work out a plan
D. to make an estimate
3． After choosing the best place to build the house, the following things for a person to build
a house are to _______.
A. work out a plan
B. find an excellent builder and work out a plan
C. make an estimate
D. both B and C
4． The phrase（短語(yǔ)）"draw a plan" in this passage means _______.
A. making a picture of a building or a room
B. making a plan
C. working out a plan
D. pulling a picture out of a room
5． When the builder starts to build a house, his estimate will have to be corrected and revised because __
A. it is wrongly worked out by a workman
B. the future owner of the house thinks the estimate is so high that he cannot afford the building
C. the prices of building materials and the expenses(費(fèi)用) of labor may be different from
the original prices and expenses
D. estimates are usually mistaken in the beginning
6． What is the relationship（關(guān)系）between the estimate and the plan?
A. The plan depends on the estimate.
B. The estimate depends on the plan.
C. The plan has nothing to do with the estimate.
D. The estimate and the plan depend on each other
第二課
一、 技巧解疑
猜測(cè)詞義的能力不光在考試時(shí)很重要，就連我們平時(shí)閱讀英語(yǔ)文章時(shí)也很用得著哦。就象我
們?cè)诳粗形牡奈恼聲r(shí)，并不是一碰到生詞就去查字典，而是根據(jù)語(yǔ)境去猜測(cè)生詞的。我們讀英語(yǔ)文章時(shí)，也應(yīng)養(yǎng)成這樣的習(xí)慣和能力。
要想提高猜測(cè)詞義的能力，我們可從以下七個(gè)方法下意識(shí)地進(jìn)行閱讀。
1． 根據(jù)定義或解釋說(shuō)明猜測(cè)生詞的詞義
在be，be called，call等判斷詞出現(xiàn)的判斷句中，可根據(jù)已知部分，猜測(cè)生詞的含義。如：
1）A mosquito is a small flying pest that thrust the skin and then drink blood.
2）A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.
你能猜出斜體部分單詞的意思嗎？mosquito是“蚊子”，carpenter是“木匠”。不難吧？
有時(shí)，我們還可根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)對(duì)其修飾的先行詞的詞義做出推測(cè)。例如：
His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. 不難猜出，zoologist動(dòng)物學(xué)家”
當(dāng)看到文中的破折號(hào)“-”時(shí)，我們也應(yīng)該留點(diǎn)神，因?yàn)樗部梢銎鸾忉屨f(shuō)明作用的同位語(yǔ)或具有同義的短語(yǔ)或從句。如： Some organizations of United Nations prefer to take on Polyglots as their workers-those who can understand as well as speak many languages. 這里，Polyglot指的是“懂而且會(huì)說(shuō)多種語(yǔ)言的人”。
2． 根據(jù)對(duì)比關(guān)系猜測(cè)生詞的詞義
在but，however，yet，otherwise，though這些表示意義轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞出現(xiàn)的句子中，其前后的詞有明顯的對(duì)比關(guān)系。根據(jù)已知的內(nèi)容，通過(guò)這種對(duì)比關(guān)系，就很容易猜出生詞的詞義了。如：
1）Though Tom's face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. grubby是什么意思呢？和clean相對(duì)，便是“骯臟的”了。
2）John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things；his wife, however, is very thrifty.
和wastes a lot of money相對(duì)比，thrifty就是“節(jié)儉的”意思。
3． 通過(guò)因果關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義
because，since與as是連結(jié)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞，so是連結(jié)表示結(jié)果的并列句的連詞，so...that與such...that中的that是連結(jié)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的。當(dāng)這些信息詞出現(xiàn)在有生詞的句中，通過(guò)因果關(guān)系，依據(jù)已知部分，就能猜出生詞的詞義。例如：
1） She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long. 根據(jù)后邊的原因，我們就可推測(cè)出trim就是“修剪”的意思。right? Ok, it's your turn.看看你能否正確猜出下句中斜體詞的意思。
2） The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.
根據(jù)that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，可以猜出，turbid的意思是“渾濁的”。你猜對(duì)了嗎？
4． 根據(jù)生活常識(shí)猜測(cè)詞義
運(yùn)用邏輯推理能力，自身的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)及生活常識(shí)，根據(jù)上下文能讀懂的部分，可以正確猜出詞義。下面文字中斜體單詞的詞義你能猜出來(lái)嗎？
1） Birds fly with their wings, and they pick up their foods, and then eat them with their beaks and they use their claws for tearing, seizing, pulling or holding objects.
2）Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold. 句子的已知部分和我們的常識(shí)告訴我們： wings是“翅膀”；beaks是“喙”；claws是“爪子”；wither表示“枯萎”。
5． 根據(jù)同等關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義
同等關(guān)系，指的是一個(gè)詞，一組詞或短語(yǔ)在句中作同一成分，而且它們的詞義都屬于同一范疇。明顯的標(biāo)志是，這樣的詞組或短語(yǔ)中間常常用并列連詞and或or來(lái)連接。例如：
1） At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy.
2） Are people born intelligent or stupid?
你能根據(jù)同等關(guān)系猜出斜體詞的意思嗎？從“年齡42歲”以及與prime具有同等關(guān)系的full of energy，可以猜出prime的意思是“盛年時(shí)期”。從選擇連詞or“還是”以及與intelligent處于同等位置的stupid“愚蠢的”可以猜測(cè)intelligent是“聰明的”意思。
6． 根據(jù)列舉的事例猜測(cè)詞義
如：You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning. 從后面列舉的例子可以猜出periodical是“期刊，雜志”的意思。
7． 根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)猜測(cè)詞義
根據(jù)學(xué)過(guò)的構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)，知道詞根和前綴或后綴的意義，就可猜出由它們組成的新詞詞義。
如： The colors of Hawaii in summer are unforgettable. 根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法和我們已熟悉的詞forget，我們可以知道unforgettable就是“令人難忘的”意思。
二、 基本訓(xùn)練
猜測(cè)各句中黑體顯示的生詞詞義
1． Archaeology is the study of the buried remains of ancient times, such as houses, pots, tools and
weapons. A. 地理學(xué) B. 生態(tài)學(xué) C. 心理學(xué) D. 考古學(xué)
2． This strict officer is a martinet, a person who demands total obedience（服從）to rules, discipline
and orders.
A. 專制的人 B. 軟弱的人 C. 強(qiáng)硬的人 D. 要求嚴(yán)格服從紀(jì)律和命令的人
3． Though Mr. Smith has been general manager for just 3 months, he has already made much
greater achievements than his predecessors.
A. 上級(jí) B. 前任 C. 同事 D. 下級(jí)
4． The football game was getting more and more exciting, however, the old lady was still as dozy
as she usually was.
A. 昏昏欲睡的 B. 亢奮的 C. 欣喜若狂的 D. 麻木的
5． All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key.
A. 成功的 B. 徒勞的 C. 有效的 D. 匆促的
6． She did not hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.
A. 心不在焉的 B. 緊張的 C. 全神貫注的 D. 睡意濃的
7． One of symptoms caused by the peculiar illness is a high fever.
A. 癥狀 B. 疾病 C. 恐懼 D. 威脅
8． In the strong wind, the beggar shivered with the terrible cold.
A. 流淚 B. 乞討 C. 呻吟 D. 顫抖
9． The hot tropical weather created a feeling of lassitude and encouraged laziness.
A. 興奮 B. 厭惡 C. 清醒 D. 疲倦
10．To quite a great many people, money is an irresistible temptation（誘惑）.
A. 不可抗拒的 B. 可抗拒的 C. 接受的 D. 不可接受的
三、 高考實(shí)戰(zhàn) （97年高考閱讀試題）
JINTAN, JIANGSU: The 20 students - 18 boys and 2 girls -had a thousand reasons to be proud of themselves. They had just climbed their way to the top rung（階梯）out of 4 million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest（競(jìng)賽）on Tuesday evening.
The 20 gold medal winners are all primary and middle school students under the age of 14.
‘Many of the problems are of college level and these pupils can figure them out. It is just unbelievable!’said a teacher from Guangdong province.
Named after China's most famous mathematician, Hua Luogeng, the contest started in 1986, one year after his death. In less than 10 years, it has been recognised by the State Education Commission（國(guó)家教委） as the country's biggest and best contest of its kind.
51. This news story is mainly about .
A. when the contest started
B. how the contest got its name
C. the 20 pupils who have won gold medals in the contest
D. the 5th National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest
52. This news story most probably appeared in a newspaper in .
A. 1986 B. 1987
C. 1995 D. 1997
53. It can be inferred from the text that the teacher from Guangdong province .
A. felt proud of the gold medal winners
B. wondered if the students were honest
C. thought that the problems were too difficult for the students
D. believed that the twenty winners could go to study at university
54. The underlined phrase ‘figure out’ in the text means .
A. work out B. add up
C. guess D. study
In the 1930s, a lot of people in the USA were out of work. Among these people was a man named
Alfred Butts. He always had an interest in word games and so, to fill his time, he planned a game which he called ‘Lexico’. However, he was not completely satisfied with the game, so he made a number of changes to it and, in time, changed its name from ‘Lexico’to ‘Alph’ and then to ‘Criss Cross’. He wanted to make some money from his new game but he didn't have any real commercial（商業(yè)性的）success.
In 1939, Butts happened to meet a man called Jim Brunot who showed an interest in the new game.
The two men worked together on developing the game and in 1948 it was offered for sale in the United States under its new name - ‘Scrabble’.
At first, it didn't sell very well. In the first year it sold just 2,250 sets and by 1951 it had only
reached 8,500 sets a year.
Then, in 1952 the manager of Macy's department store in New York, Jack Strauss, happened to
play ‘Scrabble’while he was on holiday. He thought it was a wonderful game and, when he went back to work after his holiday, he insisted that Macy's should stock（儲(chǔ)備） the game and make an effort （努力） to call the public's attention to it.
As a result,‘scrabble’became a big success in the United States and it soon spread to Australia and
then to other English-speaking countries.
55. The text is mainly about .
A.‘Lexico’ B. three men
C. a word game D. Alfred Butts
56. Alfred Butts invented the game‘Lexico’ .
A. to make himself famous
B. to make spelling simpler
C. when he was out of work and looking for a job
D. when he was playing word games to pass the time
57. Who made ‘Scrabble’ popular?
A. Alfred Butts.
B. Jack Strauss.
C. Alfred Butts and Jim Brunot.
D. Jack Strauss and Jim Brunot.
58. When did Alfred Butts first put his game on the market?
A. In 1939.
B. In 1948.
C. Before 1939.
D. Between 1939 and 1948.
Allan goes everywhere with Birgitta Anderson, a 54-year-old secretary. He moves around her
office at work and goes shopping with her.‘Most people don't seem to mind Allan,’ says Birgitta, who thinks he is wonderful. ‘He's my fourth child,’ she says. She may think of him and treat him that way, buying his food, paying his health bills and his taxes, but in fact Allan is a dog.
Birgitta and Allan live in Sweden, a country where everyone is expected to lead an orderly life
according to rules laid down by the government, which also provides （提供）a high level of care for its people. This level of care costs money.
People in Sweden pay taxes on everything, so aren't surprised to find that owning a dog means yet
more taxes. Some people are paying as much as 500 Swedish kronor in taxes a year for the right to keep their dog, money that is spent by the government on dog hospitals and sometimes medical treatment for a dog that falls ill. However, most such treatment is expensive, so owners often decide to pay health and even life insurance （保險(xiǎn)）for their dog.
In Sweden dog owners must pay for any damage （損壞）their dog does. A Swedish Kennel Club
official explains what this means: if your dog runs out on the road and gets hit by a passing car you, as the owner, have to pay for any damage done to the car, even if your dog has been killed in the accident.
59. Birgitta pays taxes for Allan because .
A. he is her dog B. he is her child
C. he follows her everywhere D. he often falls ill
60. The money paid as dog taxes is used to .
A. keep a high level of care for the people
B. pay for damage done by dogs
C. provide medical care for dogs
D. buy insurance for dog owners
61. If a dog causes a car accident and gets killed, who should pay for the damage done to the car?
A. The owner of the car.
B. The owner of the dog.
C. The insurance company.
D. The government.
62. From the text it can be inferred that in Sweden .
A. dogs are welcome in public places
B. keeping dogs means asking for trouble
C. many car accidents are caused by dogs
D. people care much about dogs
Suppose you work in a big firm and find English very important for your job because you often
deal with foreign businessmen. Now you are looking for a place where you can improve your English, especially your spoken English.
Here are some advertisements about English language training from newspapers. You may find the
information you need.
63. You work from 9:00 am to 4:30 p.m. every day. Which schools will you choose?
A. Global English Centre and Modern Language School.
B. Global English Centre and the International House.
C. Modern Language School and the 21st Century.
D. The 21st Century and the International House.
64. The 21st Century is different from the other three schools in that .
A. its teaching quality is better
B. it is nearest to the city centre
C. its courses are more advanced
D. it requires an entrance examination
65. You will probably prefer to go to the International House because it .
A. offers free sightseeing and social activities
B. has a special course in spoken English
C. costs less than the other schools
D. has native English teachers
66. If you take the evening programme at the International House, you will pay about .
A. 60 yuan B. 240 yuan
C. 720 yuan D. 1,000 yuan
America is growing older. Fifty years ago, only 4 out of every 100 people in the United States were
65 or older. Today, 10 out of every 100 Americans are over 65. The aging of the population will affect （影響） American society in many ways - education, medicine, and business. Quietly, the graying of America has made us a very different society - one in which people have a quite different idea of what kind of behavior （行為）is suitable （合適）at various ages.
A person's age no longer tells you anything about his/her social position, marriage or health.
There's no longer a particular year in which one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family. The social clock that kept us on time and told us when to go to school, get a job, or stop working isn't as strong as it used to be. It doesn't surprise us to hear of a 29-year-old university president or a 35-year-old grandmother, or a 70-year-old man who has become a father for the first time. Public ideas are changing.
Many people say, ‘I am much younger than my mother - or my father - was at my age.’
No one says ‘Act your age’ anymore. We've stopped looking with surprise at older people who act in youthful ways.
67. It can be learnt from the text that the aging of the population in America .
A. has made people feel younger
B. has changed people's social position
C. has changed people's understanding of age
D. has slowed down the country's social development
68. The underlined word ‘one’ refers to .
A. a society B. America
C. a place D. population
69. ‘Act your age’ means people should ______.
A. be active when they are old
B. do the right thing at the right age
C. show respect for their parents young or old
D. take more physical exercise suitable to their age
70. If a 25-year-old man becomes general manager of a big firm, the writer of the text would most
probably consider it .
A. normal B. wonderful
C. unbelievable D. unreasonable
四、 能力測(cè)試
Confucius was born five hundred and fifty years before Christ. Unlike Jesus Christ, he did not bring words of God to the people. He was a clever teacher and a philosopher, looking for truth and wisdom. Most of his teaching was about life in this world.
Confucius was very keen to give people good rulers. Someone asked him, "What does a country need?" Confucius answered, "Enough food, a good army, and a good leader." The people then asked, "Which one is the most important?" Confucius answered, "An army is not very important. All men must die, so food is not the most important. But if the leader of the country is not good, then everything will be bad."
1. A philosopher is a person who ______.
A. does not like Jesus Christ
B. teaches people how to live in this world
C. seeks after truth and wisdom
D. is more clever than most of other people
2. According to Confucius, the most important thing in any country was ____.
A. the army B. the ruler
C. life of the people D. food
3. Jesus Christ _____.
A. was born more than half a century earlier than Confucius
B. taught people anything about God
C. did not tell people anything about God
D. was a philosopher sent by God
4. Confucius taught people all these things except _____.
A. how to live in the world
B. the importance of the leader of the country
C. any ideas about God
D. how to make good judgements
5. For Confucius a man _____.
A. could not escape death
B. would die if he didn't have a good ruler
C. was not important compared with food
D. ought to die if he considered food to be the most important for him
Learners of English, especially self-taught learners may have trouble in understanding speeches by native speakers. The following ways might help improve their listening ability.
First of all, do things step by step. It is not good to listen to something beyond your level. Better choose a suitable course and start with the first book. Go on to the second book only after you are sure you understand the first one.
Secondly, stick to one course of study. Don't change books often. Never let your attention be attracted by another course just because it seems to be more "fashionable"（時(shí)髦）.
Thirdly, listen to the English news program over the radio from time to time. Better go through the news stories in the Chinese-language newspaper first. That will make it easier for you to understand the English news on the radio.
Fourthly, if you have time, listen to some interesting stories in "Special English from the V.O.A. or other listening materials of the same level as that of your textbook."
6. This is a piece of advice to learners of English on how to ____.
A. improve their listening ability
B. read fast
C. write better English and read faster
D. speak correctly
7. If you want to understand the English news program on the radio, you should _____.
A. read the Chinese-language newspaper step by step
B. read again and again the Chinese-language newspaper
C. go through the Chinese-language newspaper
D. be able to recite the Chinese-language newspaper
8. "Beyond your level" means something _____.
A. easy for you
B. too difficult for you
C. not too easy and not too difficult for you
D. just all right for you
9. The author advised that once you have taken up a course, you ____.
A. should stick to it
B. should begin with the last book
C. should take up other courses if they are more fashionable
D. shouldn't do anything else
10. In this passage, V.O.A. stands for _____.
A. a book
B. a magazine
C. a text-book
D. a radio station
第一課
二、A
三、51、CDBAC，BAABD 61、ADADB，CDDBC
四、CBDACD
第二課
二、DDBAB，CADDA
三、51、DCAAC，DBCAC 61、BDBDB，DCABA
四、CBBCA，ACBAD